CHAPTER 8

Cooperation and Defection

The great difficulty of all schemes for leagues of nations and the like has been to find an effective sanction against nations determined to break the peace.

—Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood

There are many theoretical models in the business world for evaluating implementation efforts. There's DUME, which has the following steps:

  • Define,
  • Use,
  • Measure, and
  • Evaluate.

There's also IDEAL, which asserts that the steps associated with implementation are:

  • Initiating,
  • Diagnosing,
  • Establishing,
  • Acting, and
  • Leveraging.

The famous Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) model is self-explanatory, and, of course, the total quality management seven-step process includes:

  • Assess,
  • Educate,
  • Identify customers,
  • Create infrastructure, ...

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