Threat Modeling

CHAPTER 6Privacy Tools

Threat modeling for privacy issues is an emergent and important area. Much like security threats violate a required security property, privacy threats are where a required privacy property is violated. Defining privacy requirements is a delicate balancing act, however, for a few reasons: First, the organization offering a service may want or even need a lot of information that the people using the service don't want to provide. Second, people have very different perceptions of what privacy is, and what data is private, and those perceptions can change with time. (For example, someone leaving an abusive relationship should be newly sensitive to the value of location privacy, and perhaps consider their address private for the first time.) Lastly, most people are “privacy pragmatists” and will make value tradeoffs for personal information.

Some people take all of this ambiguity to mean that engineering for privacy is a waste. They're wrong. Others assert that concern over privacy is a waste, as consumers don't behave in ways that expose privacy concerns. That's also wrong. People often pay for privacy when they understand the threat and the mitigation. That's why advertisements for curtains, mailboxes, and other privacy-enhancing technologies often lead with the word “privacy.”

Unlike the previous three chapters, each of which focused on a single type of tool, this chapter is an assemblage of tools for finding privacy threats. The approaches described in ...