12M2M Communications
Rapeepat Ratasuk,1 Amitava Ghosh,2 and Benny Vejlgaard3
1 Nokia Bell Labs, New Jersey, USA
2 Nokia Networks, Illinois, USA
3 Nokia Networks, Aalborg, Denmark
12.1 Chapter Overview
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to interconnection and exchange of data among devices. This capability will bring about tremendous improvements in user experience and system efficiency. An estimated 50 billion connected devices will be deployed by 2020 [1] and the total machine-to-machine (M2M) revenue is expected to grow from $200 billion in 2011 to $1.2 trillion in 2022 [2]. The ratio of connected things to people is estimated to be 7 : 1 by 2020. Although not all connections will be through a cellular network, it is expected that M2M will account for 22% of cellular connections by 2022 [2].
In this chapter, we will provide an overview of cellular M2M communications and discuss potential solutions for serving M2M traffic. In the 2020 timeframe, 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) will remain a strong technology for M2M due to its wide area network, mature ecosystem, high reliability, high performance, and robust features. We will describe the LTE evolution path to serve low data-rate and delay-tolerant M2M services, including the introduction of low-cost devices and features to enhance coverage and battery life. Illustrative analysis of coverage, capacity, and battery life will be provided. In addition, we will discuss how a 5G system using spectrum regime above 6 GHz can be used ...
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