Transformers

3

Stray Losses, Screening, and Local Excessive Heating Hazard in Large Power Transformers

Janusz Turowski

CONTENTS

3.1    Introduction

3.1.1    Principles of Mechatronics

3.2    Rapid Design and Mechatronic Impact in Transformers

3.3    Reliability, Safety, and Economy Aspects

3.4    Basic Theoretical Tools

3.4.1    Main Methods of Calculation

3.4.2    Stray Fields, Losses, and Forces

3.4.3    Magnetic Nonlinearity Inward of Solid Iron

3.4.4    Magnetic Nonlinearity along the Steel Surface

3.4.5    Dependence of Stray Losses on Current and Temperature

3.4.6    Choice of Calculation Methods

3.4.7    Electromagnetic Screening

3.4.8    Magnetic Screening (Shunting)

3.4.8.1    Surface Reluctances of Metal Walls

3.4.9    Excessive Heating Hazard ...