Motherboard Form FactorsPC and XTFull-Size ATBaby-ATLPXATXATX RisermicroATXFlexATXITX and Mini-ITXBTXNLXWTXProprietary DesignsBackplane SystemsMotherboard ComponentsProcessor Sockets/SlotsChipsetsChipset EvolutionIntel ChipsetsIntel Chipset Model NumbersAMD Athlon/Duron ChipsetsTraditional North/South Bridge ArchitectureHub ArchitectureHigh-Speed North-South Bridge ConnectionsIntel’s Early 386/486 ChipsetsFifth-Generation (P5 Pentium Class) ChipsetsIntel 430LX (Mercury)Intel 430NX (Neptune)Intel 430FX (Triton)Intel 430HX (Triton II)Intel 430VX (Triton III)Intel 430TXThird-Party (Non-Intel) P5 Pentium Class ChipsetsSixth-Generation (P6 Pentium Pro/II/III Class) ChipsetsIntel 450KX/GX (Orion Workstation/Server)Intel 440FX (Natoma)Intel 440LXIntel 440EXIntel 440BXIntel 440ZX and 440ZX-66Intel 440GXIntel 450NXIntel 810, 810E, and 810E2Intel Random Number GeneratorIntel 815 FamilyIntegrated EthernetAGP Inline Memory ModulePC133 Memory SupportIntel 820 and 820E820 Chipset MTH BugIntel 840Third-Party (Non-Intel) P6-Class ChipsetsALi Chipsets for P6-Class ProcessorsVIA Technologies Chipsets for P6-Class ProcessorsSilicon Integrated Systems Chipsets for P6-Class ProcessorsSeventh-Generation (Pentium 4) ChipsetsIntel 850 FamilyIntel 845 FamilyIntel Extreme Graphics ArchitectureIntel 865 FamilyICH5 and ICH5RIntel 875PIntel 915 Chipset FamilyIntel 925X ChipsetThird-Party Pentium 4 ChipsetsSiS Chipsets for Pentium 4SiS650/651 ChipsetsSiS645/645DXSiS648/648FX/655/655FX/655TXSiS661FXSiS656SiS R658/R659ALi Corporation Chipsets for Pentium 4Aladdin P4 (M1671)M1681/M1683M1685ATI Chipsets for Pentium 4VIA Chipsets for Pentium 4VIA Modular Architecture Platforms (V-MAP) for Pentium 4VIA Apollo P4X266 FamilyProSavage P4M266Apollo P4X400, P4X400A, and P4X533PT800/PM800/PT880/PM880Athlon/Duron/Athlon XP ChipsetsAMD Chipsets for Athlon/Duron ProcessorsAMD-750AMD-760 FamilyVIA Chipsets for Athlon, Duron, and Athlon XPVIA Technologies Apollo KX133VIA Technologies Apollo KT133 and KT133AProSavage KM133Apollo KT266 and KT266AProSavage KM266Apollo KT333Apollo KT400/KM400Apollo KT400A/KT600KT880Silicon Integrated Systems Chipsets for AMD Athlon/Duron ProcessorsSiS MuTIOL High-Speed North/South Bridge ConnectionSiS730SSiS733 and SiS735SiS740SiS745SiS746 and SiS746FXSiS748SiS741/741GXALiMagik1 for AMD Athlon/Duron SystemsNVIDIA nForce Chipsets for Athlon/Duron/Athlon XPATI Radeon IGP Chipsets for Athlon/Duron/Athlon XPIntel Workstation Chipsets for Pentium 4 and XeonIntel 860Intel E7205Intel E7505Chipsets for Athlon 64AMD 8000 (8151) ChipsetALi Chipsets for Athlon 64ALi M1687ALi M1689VIA Technologies Chipsets for Athlon 64K8T800, K8T800 Pro, and K8M800K8T890 and K8M890NVIDIAnForce3 150 and nForce3 Pro 150nForce3 250, 250Gb, and 250 Ultra and nForce3 Professional 250SiSSiS755 and SiS755FXSiS756SiS760 and Sis760GXSiS761 and SiS761GXATISuper I/O ChipsMotherboard CMOS RAM AddressesMotherboard ConnectorsSystem Bus Types, Functions, and FeaturesThe Processor Bus (Front-Side Bus)The Memory BusThe Need for Expansion SlotsTypes of I/O BusesThe ISA BusThe 8-Bit ISA BusThe 16-Bit ISA Bus32-Bit BusesThe Micro Channel BusThe EISA BusLocal BusesVESA Local BusThe PCI BusPCI-ExpressAccelerated Graphics PortSystem ResourcesInterrupts8-Bit ISA Bus Interrupts16-Bit ISA, EISA, and MCA Bus InterruptsPCI InterruptsIRQ ConflictsDMA Channels8-Bit ISA Bus DMA Channels16-Bit ISA DMA ChannelsI/O Port AddressesResolving Resource ConflictsResolving Conflicts ManuallyUsing a System-Configuration TemplateHeading Off Problems: Special BoardsSound CardsSCSI Adapter BoardsNetwork Interface CardsMultiple-COM-Port AdaptersUniversal Serial BusMiscellaneous BoardsPlug-and-Play SystemsThe Hardware ComponentThe BIOS ComponentThe Operating System ComponentMotherboard Selection Criteria (Knowing What to Look For)DocumentationUsing Correct Speed-Rated Parts