8Challenges with Biomass Waste Valorisation
Guihua Yan*, Yunchao Feng*, Sishi Long, Xianhai Zeng, Yong Sun, Xing Tang, and Lu Lin
College of Energy, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High‐valued Technologies for Biomass, and Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High‐valued Applications of Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
8.1 Introduction
Modern civilization depends on energy and materials from fossil fuel resources. But in a world of increasing consumption and decreasing resources, how long will fossil resources last? One solution to this problem is the development and utilization of renewable resources. Globally, the total renewable energy and materials production and consumption have been gradually increasing in recent years, with biomass production being a major contributor. Thus, to further explore potential biomass energy is an important challenge.
Biomass waste is defined as any organic material apart from renewable biogenic sources (Tuck et al. 2012). Depending on the source, it can be divided into lignocellulosic biomass and food wastes (Figure 8.1). Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant and the only currently sustainable source of organic carbon (Tuck et al. 2012). It has been reported that global dry biomass production has reached 200 billion metric tons/yr (Sawatdeenarunat et al. 2016). Transforming lignocellulosic biomass and its residues to biofuels and chemicals is a potentially sustainable route for biomass valorisation. ...
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