Chapter 20. Problems with Computer Control

In … human-machine interaction, the human and the automated system may both be assigned control tasks. However, unless the partnership is carefully planned, the operator may simply end up with the tasks that the designer cannot figure out how to automate. The number of tasks that the operator must perform is reduced but, surprisingly, the error potential may be increased.—Nancy Leveson, Safeware, Addison-Wesley Publishing, Reading, Mass, 1995

The use of computers and microprocessors (also known as programmable electronic systems [PES]) in process control continues to grow. They have brought about many improvements but have also been responsible for some failures. If we can learn from these failures, ...

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