CHAPTER THIRTEEN
Forest Fires in Indonesia:Impacts and Solutions
Grahame Applegate, Ross Smith, James J. Fox,Andrew Mitchell, David Packham, Nigel Tapper,and Graham Baines
Indonesia experienced extensive fires during 1997–1998 that burned vast tracts of forest and forestland, especially on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. These forest and land fires and the accompanying smoke caused (a) serious damage to the forest areas, (b) air pollution, (c) damage to public health, (d) loss of life, (e) destruction of property and livelihood options, and (f) other substantial economic losses in much of southern Southeast Asia. There are various opinions among institutions and others about the area of land burned in forest fires and other land fires during ...
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