Life Cycle Assessment
Meta-analysis of Cumulative Energy Demand for Wind Energy Technologies
Michael Carbajales-Dale, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, United States Email: madale@clemson.edu
Abstract
Global installed capacity of renewable energy technologies and especially wind energy is growing rapidly. The ability of these technologies to enable a rapid transition to a low-carbon energy system is highly dependent on the energy that must be used over their life cycle; materials extraction and processing, component manufacture and installation, operation, and end-of-life. This chapter presents the results of a meta-analyses of life-cycle assessments (LCA) of energy use by wind turbines. The chapter presents these findings as ...
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