12.1 Types of optical disk12.2 CD, DVD and MD contrasted12.3 CD and MD – disk construction12.4 Rejecting surface contamination12.5 Playing optical disks12.6 Focus systems12.7 Tracking systems12.8 Typical pickups12.9 DVD and CD readout in detail12.10 How optical disks are made12.11 Direct metal mastering12.12 MiniDisc read/write in detail12.13 How recordable MiniDiscs are made12.14 Channel code of CD and MiniDisc12.15 Deserialization12.16 Error-correction strategy12.17 Track layout of MD12.18 CD subcode12.19 MD table of contents12.20 CD player structure12.21 MD recorder/player structure12.22 Structure of a DVD playerReferences