18.1 Introduction18.2 Properties of Iron and Steel Materials Used in Ship Construction and Armor18.3 Wrought Iron18.4 Cast Iron18.5 Steel18.6 Projectiles18.6.1 US Army WWII 15 lb (6.8 kg), 3 in. (76.2 mm) M79 Armor-Piercing Monobloc Shot18.6.2 Experimental 3 in. (76.2 mm) and 0.78 in. (20 mm) Flat-Nosed Projectiles18.6.3 Experimental 13 lb, 3 in. Tapered Flat-Nose AP Projectile with Small Conical Windscreen18.7 Details on the M79 Nose Shape Effects on Armor Penetration vs. Standard STS Plate18.7.1 Normal-Impact Results18.7.2 Oblique-Impact Results18.7.3 Base-First Penetration18.8 US Army WWII M79 AP Projectile Penetration of Average-Strength US Navy WWII STS18.9 More Detailed Definition of Armor Penetration for Ogival Projectiles18.10 Residual Velocity and Projectile Exit Angle18.11 Basic Ogival Penetration Formulas and Definitions18.12 Program Formulas, Data Sets, and Evaluation Logic18.12.1 Obliquity Angles up to 45°18.12.2 Obliquity Angles over 45°18.12.3 Base-First Penetration at θ = 65° or GreaterNotesReferences