book

3D Displays

by Ernst Lueder

January 2012

Intermediate to advanced

280 pages

English

Wiley

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1.1 Binocular Viewing or Human Stereopsis1.2 The Mismatch of Accommodation and Disparity and the Depths of Focus and of Field1.3 Distance Scaling of Disparity1.4 Interocular Crosstalk1.5 Psychological Effects for Depth Perception1.6 High-Level Cognitive FactorAcknowledgmentsOptical Society of America (OSA)References
2.1 Stereoscopic Displays with Area Multiplexing2.2 Combined Area and Time Division Multiplex for 3D Displays2.3 Stereoscopic Time Sequential Displays2.4 Special Solutions for Stereoscopic Displays2.5 Stereoscopic Projectors2.6 Interleaved, Simultaneous, and Progressive Addressing of AMOLEDs and AMLCDs2.7 Photo-Induced Alignment for Retarders and Beam SplittersAcknowledgmentsReferences

3.1 Spatially Multiplexed Multiview Autostereoscopic Displays with Lenticular Lenses3.2 Spatially Multiplexed Multiview Autostereoscopic Displays with Switchable Lenticular Lenses3.3 Autostereoscopic Displays with Fixed and Switchable Parallax Barriers3.4 Time Sequential Autostereoscopic Displays and Directional Backlights3.5 Depth-Fused 3D Displays3.6 Single and Multiview 3D Displays with a Light Guide3.7 Test of 3D Displays and Medical ApplicationsAcknowledgmentsReferences
4.1 Introduction and Overview4.2 Retrieving Quality Data from Given Images4.3 Algorithms Based on Objective Measures Providing Disparity or Depth Maps4.4 An Algorithm Based on Subjective Measures4.5 The Kanade–Lucas–Toman (KLT) Feature Tracking Algorithm4.6 Special Approaches for 2D to 3D Conversion4.7 Reconstruction of 3D Images from Disparity Maps Pertaining to Monoscopic 2D or 3D OriginalsAcknowledgmentsReferences
5.1 The Basis of Integral Imaging5.2 Enhancement of Depth, Viewing Angle, and Resolution of 3D Integral Images5.3 Integral Videography5.4 Convertible 2D/3D Integral ImagingAcknowledgmentsReferences
6.1 Introduction and Overview6.2 Recording a Hologram and Reconstruction of the Original 3D Image6.3 A Holographic Screen6.4 Digital Holography Based on the Fourier Transform6.5 A Holographic Laser ProjectorAcknowledgmentsReferences
7.1 The Nature of Volumetric Displays7.2 Accessing and Activating Voxels in Static Volumetric Displays7.3 Swept Volume or Mechanical 3D DisplaysAcknowledgmentsReferences

Overview

This book addresses electrical engineers, physicists, designers of flat panel displays (FDPs), students and also scientists from other disciplines interested in understanding the various 3D technologies. A timely guide is provided to the present status of development in 3D display technologies, ready to be commercialized as well as to future technologies.

Having presented the physiology of 3D perception, the book progresses to a detailed discussion of the five 3D technologies: stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays; integral imaging; holography and volumetric displays, and:

Introduces spatial and temporal multiplex for the two views needed for stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays;
Outlines dominant components such as retarders for stereoscopic displays, and fixed as well as adjustable lenticular lenses and parallax barriers for auto- stereoscopic displays;
Examines the high speed required for 240 Hz frames provided by parallel addressing and the recently proposed interleaved image processing;
Explains integral imaging, a true 3D system, based on the known lenticulars which is explored up to the level of a 3D video projector using real and virtual images;
Renders holographic 3D easier to understand by using phasors known from electrical engineering and optics leading up to digital computer generated holograms;
Shows volumetric displays to be limited by the number of stacked FPDs; and,
Presents algorithms stemming from computer science to assess 3D image quality and to allow for bandwidth saving transmission of 3D TV signals.