5G NR

Figure 4.45 Polar encoder of different sizes [32].

Polar codes were introduced as non-systematic codes. Any linear code can be transformed from non-systematic to a systematic code. The systematic polar encoding can be performed using the standard non-systematic polar encoding apparatus in a three-phase operation as follows (see Fig. 4.46):

1. 1. The vector $\mathbf{u}=(u_{\mathbb{A}},u_{{\mathbb{A}}^c})$ is encoded in the standard non-systematic fashion producing the vector $\overline{\mathbf{u}}$.
2. 2.