November 2013
Beginner to intermediate
236 pages
4h 6m
English
Content preview from A Concise Introduction to Data Structures using JavaBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Chapter 8
Trees
Trees are non-linear, hierarchical, and recursive data structures with a wide range of applications. In fact, we have already seen call trees in Section 7.2 as a useful model for tracking recursive computations.
8.1 Definitions and Examples
A tree is a (possibly empty) set of elements called nodes with one node designated as the root. The root is connected via edges to some number of child nodes, each of which is itself the root of a subtree. Thus, trees are naturally recursive. A leaf is a node with no children; an internal node is any non-leaf. A branch in a tree is a path of connected edges starting at the root and ending in a leaf. Trees are usually drawn with the root at the top.
For example, in the tree below, 31 is the ...
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