A Dictionary of British and Irish History

J

JACOBITE REBELLION, 1689

see GRAHAM, JOHN, OF CLAVERHOUSE; KILLIECRANKIE, BATTLE OF

JACOBITE REBELLION, 1708

The first rebellion since 1689, in Scotland, exploited the failure of the DARIEN SCHEME and the unpopularity of the UNION OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND (1707). It was supported by France, which recognized James Edward Stuart (1688–1766), son of JAMES VII/II, as king. France used the rebellion as a diversionary attack on Great Britain, which it was fighting in the War of the SPANISH SUCCESSION. A fleet carrying ‘James VIII’ and troops left France in mid March, sailed to the Forth estuary (to meet Jacobites), but was forced by the British Navy to flee without landing (24 March). See also TREASON; FRANCE, ENGLISH AND BRITISH RELATIONS WITH.

JACOBITE REBELLION, 1715

Resentment at the succession of King GEORGE I (1714), in England and Scotland, and in Scotland continuing unpopularity of the UNION OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND (from 1707), provided the opportunity for another rising. In Scotland it was started by the (6th) earl of MAR, who had been dismissed by George (Sept. 1714). He launched his campaign at Braemar (Aberdeenshire, NE Scotland) on 6 Sept. 1715. Inverness (N) and Perth (C) were taken on 14 Sept. On 13 Nov. Mar's forces clashed indecisively with troops under the (2nd) duke of ARGYLL at Sheriffmuir (near Dunblane, Perthshire), though Jacobite support afterwards declined.

In England, a rising was planned in the SW, but was prevented by the arrest of leading Jacobites ...