Chapter 9

Essential Technologies for 5G-Ready Networks: Timing and Synchronization

Although not always front and center, synchronization has always been deeply intertwined with network communications. The role of synchronization was far more pervasive in the earlier transport networks that utilized technologies such as time-division multiplexing (TDM) circuits, which relied heavily on both ends of the link to coordinate the transmission of data. The easiest way to achieve this coordination is to use a common timing reference, acting as the synchronization source, delivered to the communicating parties. This reference signal is in addition to the user traffic, much like a coxswain in modern-day rowboat competitions. The coxswain is the person ...

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