CHAPTER FIVESpecialisation and cooperation
1. Introduction
The previous chapter revealed a homology between ecological and economic specialisation: In an ecological network of various niches, living systems both specialise in the exploitation of specific resources in their environment and in contributing to the advantage of other living systems, resulting into productivity enhancement of the entire ecological system. Similarly, in the human economy, individuals specialise on specific skills and enter exchange relations in various arrangements with markets and firms as dominant forms, which increases the productivity of the entire economic system. In this section, we develop the principles of specialisation as ...
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