A Practical Introduction to Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems

List of Figures

1. Figure 2.1 In [1], books and other common objects were augmented with RFID tags and associated with virtual documents by PDAs.
2. Figure 2.2 Shaman [2] acted as a representative for the connected LiteServers, offering Java and HTML interfaces.
3. Figure 2.3 Device web presence in Cooltown [3]. Source: Adapted from Kindberg et al. 2002.
4. Figure 2.4 JXTA [4] peers created virtual ad hoc networks which served to abstract the real ones.
5. Figure 2.5 Works such as [5] and [6] used proxies to offer embedded devices' capabilities through RESTful web services.
6. Figure 2.6 The SenseWeb [7] architecture.
7. Figure 2.7 WikiCity [8] interfaced between virtual data and the physical world through a semantically defined format for data exchange.
8. Figure 2.8 Nokia 6101 vs iPhone 6s/LG Nexus 5X.
9. Figure 2.9 HiTL technologies evolution timeline.
10. Figure 3.1 Basic processes of human-in-the-loop control.
11. Figure 3.2 Taxonomy of human control.
12. Figure 3.3 Taxonomy of human roles.
13. Figure 4.1 SenQ's query system stack shown side-by-side with the topology and components of AlarmNet, a prototypical implementation for assisted-living [9]. Source: Adapted from Wood 2008.
14. Figure 4.2 The architecture of CenceME [10], one of MetroSense's implementations.
15. Figure 4.3 The three key components of BCI using smartphones [11]. Source: Adapted from Lathia et al. 2013.
16. Figure 4.4 SociableSense architecture [12]. Source: Adapted from Rachuri 2011.
17. Figure 4.5 Control architecture for energy saving with HiTL [13]. ...