A Primer on Nonparametric Analysis, Volume I

CHAPTER 3

One-Sample Location Inference

Introduction

Location inferences are customarily about measures of central tendency. In parametric statistics, the main measure of inference regarding centrality focuses on the mean. In nonparametric statistics, the focus is on the median. The advantage of the median over the mean is its ability to deal with outliers.

The median is a member of larger group known as order statistics, where observations are arranged according to their rank based on magnitude. Sometimes, the analysis based on the ranking of an order statistic is more powerful than the analysis based on some continuous scale, even if complete measurement is available.

Median Sign Test

It ...

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