Chapter 15. Retouching

Retouching
 

A doctor can bury his mistakes, but an architect can only advise his clients to plant vines.

 
 --Frank Lloyd Wright

The doctoring of photographs didn’t begin with the advent of computers in magazine production departments. One of history’s most notorious photograph “doctors” was Joseph Stalin, who used photo retouching as a way to manipulate the masses. People who vanished in real life, whether banished to the farthest reaches of the Soviet Union or eliminated by the secret police, vanished from photos as well, and even from paintings. In many cases, they were airbrushed out completely; in others, their faces were clumsily ...

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