12.3 Ordering of Events and Vector Clocks
Assuming a network of servers that communicate by sending messages, these messages usually have to be be processed in an certain order because there are causal dependencies between the messages. For example, when a server receives a message from a second server, the message may influence internal computations of the first server and may also influence messages that the first server sends to other servers.
In a distributed system, message delivery is usually not synchronized and messages might be delayed without a time bound. When a server receives several messages, he cannot be sure that the order in which the messages arrive is the same order in which they were produced by the other servers. To make ...
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