18.3. Material processing and chemical commodity production - Advances in Concentrating Solar Thermal Research and Technology [Book]

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18.3. Material processing and chemical commodity production

The high-temperature process heat derived from concentrated solar radiation is suitable for driving highly endothermic processes to process materials and produce chemical commodities. Examples include production of lime and cement, chemical-looping processes for gas separation, extractive metallurgy, recycling of hazardous waste materials, ammonia production via nitride-based cycles, nanomaterial production via ablation, and more.

18.3.1. Calcination of CaCO₃

The calcination of limestone (CaCO₃) to lime (CaO) according to:

${CaCO}_{3} (s) \to CaO (s) + {CO}_{2} (g), Δ H_{298 K}^{°} = 178 kJ/mol,$

(18.22)

is the main endothermic ...

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