Advances in Remote Sensing Technology and the Three Poles

5 Landscape Modeling, Glacier and Ice Sheet Dynamics, and the Three PolesA Review of Models, Softwares, and Tools

Satarupa Mitra¹, Rahul Devrani², Manish Pandey^1,3,*, Aman Arora⁴, Romulus Costache^5,6, and Saeid Janizadeh⁷

¹ University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India ² Delhi School of Climate Change & Sustainability, Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India ³ Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India ⁴ Bihar Mausam Seva Kendra, Planning and Development Department, Government of Bihar, Patna 800015, Bihar, India ⁵ Department of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, 5, Turnului Str, Brasov 500152, Romania ⁶ Danube Delta National Institute for Research and Development, 165 Babadag Street, Tulcea 820112, Romania ⁷ Department of Watershed Management Engineering and Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran ^* Corresponding author

5.1 Introduction

A landform can be defined as a physical entity (Schumm and Licthy, 1965) or a geomorphological unit (Evans, 2012) and its definition can be nomenclature from morphological and mathematical perspectives. In the morphological approach, a landform can be defined as a feature on the Earth’s surface (Renwick, 1992), produced in a defined system with the action of different geomorphic processes in a time period (Brundsen and Thornes, 1979). ...