Advances in Remote Sensing Technology and the Three Poles

28 Arctic Sea Level Change in Remote Sensing and New Generation Climate Models

S. Chatterjee^1*, R.P. Raj², A. Bonaduce² and R. Davy²

¹ National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa 403 804, India ² Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, and Bjerknes Center for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway ^* Corresponding author

28.1 Introduction

Sea level change is a natural indicator of both anthropogenic forcing and natural variability induced climate change (Church et al., 2013; Oppenheimer et al., 2019). Variations in dynamic and thermodynamic processes in several earth system components, such as ocean, atmosphere, cryosphere, and hydrosphere, are integrated into sea level change. Quantification of contributions from the individual factors to sea level change thus needs to be done cautiously. Nonetheless, the global mean sea level (GMSL) rapidly increased at a rate of 3.05 ± 0.24 mm/yr during 1993–2016 (Horwath et al., 2022). The steric and mass component respectively contributed 38% and 57% to the GMSL trend. Furthermore, the GMSL has increased more rapidly in the most recent decade (2003–2016; 3.64 ± 0.26 mm/yr) with an increased contribution from ocean mass change due to Greenland ice sheet melting (Horwath et al., 2022). However, regional sea level changes are also of potential significance owing to its variety of governing forcing mechanisms, that may differ from its GMSL counterpart (Stammer et al., 2013; Raj et al., 2020). For example, ...