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Active solar water heating systems

J. Gong,  and K. Sumathy     North Dakota State University, Fargo, United States

Abstract

Active solar water heating (SWH) systems comprise five main elements: a collector or collectors that capture solar radiation, a pump to activate working fluid circulation, a storage system for the hot water, an auxiliary or back-up water heating system for use when sufficient hot water cannot be supplied by the solar system, and a set of controls to regulate the operation of the total system. When sunlight heats one or more collectors sufficient for heating, sensors and a controller activate the pump to circulate either water from the storage tank or antifreeze solution. When antifreeze solution is used, the solar heat is ...

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