Chapter 5: Genetic variations
Abstract
Genetic variation refers to the changes in the nucleotide sequence within each individual's genome. Although we all have 99.9% similar genomes and only 0.1% genetic variation, we all have different phenotypes. Thus, this small amount of variation accounts for such a significant difference. This difference may affect how a person responds to a drug or how they act in a certain environment, or how these differences have helped the species evolve. Thus, it is necessary to understand and evaluate the genotype-phenotype associations. Understanding such associations also helps us to devise therapies according to the patient's genetic makeup to provide a better therapeutic effect.
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