Index
A
agglomerative clustering methods 179
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) 265, 280
ALPHA=statement, DATA step 224
ANOVA model
evaluating propensity scores 27–28
evaluating treatment differences 107
imputation strategies and 126
LC analysis and 155
PSBB and 317
association
causation vs. 5–7
defined 5
assumption of exchangeability 88
B
B/B (blocking/balancing) score
cluster membership and 187–189
defined 187
balancing score
See also propensity score (PS)
assessing balance in baseline characteristics 55–58
defined 12, 55, 187
evaluating across treatment groups 205–207
Bayesian simulation method 364
bias
See also selection bias
hidden 7
in observational research 385–390
overt 7
sample size and 9, 343
binary outcomes 398–400, 411–414, 419–422 ...
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