Application of Nanotechnology in Water Research

Chapter 17

Nanomaterials with Uniform Composition in Wastewater Treatment and Their Applications

Farheen Khan¹ and Rizwan Wahab*^,2

¹Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, India

²College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding author: [e-mail]

Abstract

Wastewater treatment is a worldwide environmental problem because various organic wastes, heavy metals, non-biodegradable materials are present at higher concentration in non-organic waste pollutants. The removal of these wastes from wastewater in an effective manner has become an important issue today. Clean and effective purification technology is needed to remove pollutants from wastewater. Towards this direction, innovative techniques have been adopted for the treatment of wastewater such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and microfiltration. Additionally, nanotechnology techniques are innovative and effective for the purification of water through low-cost nanoscale adsorbents/nanofiltration. The present chapter deals with the advantages of nanotechnology where it can be easily used to reduce pollutants through the use of nanomaterial-modified nano-structures (nanoparticles, nanorods, nanoflowers, CNTs, etc.) as a nanofiltration membrane to achieve high quality pure water. The tools and methods for nanotechnology involving imaging, measuring, modeling and manipulating matter at the nanoscale level are extensively covered. There are also ...