Ranges, Averages, and Variances in Software Productivity
The most common method for expressing data is to use average values, primarily the arithmetic mean. Although averages are interesting, they tend to be deceptive. This is because the ranges on either side of average values are quite broad for every software topic of interest:
Productivity
Schedules
Staffing
Costs
Defect potentials
Defect removal efficiency levels
Delivered defects ...
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