Introduction

Adam Bohr and Kaveh Memarzadeh

We live in a mathematical world and our universe functions by the fundamental laws of physics. From this mathematical system and through millions of years of natural selection, living things have evolved on planet earth. How this intricate system with all its complexities came to be, is still a scientific and philosophical mystery. Until relatively recently, humans assumed that Homo Sapiens were the most intelligent and capable species on the planet, supposedly because we can carry out certain tasks exceedingly better than our co-earthlings. These core facets or abilities that presumably separated us from the rest of life include problem solving, learning quickly and from experience, reasoning, and ...

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