12

Oscillators

Outline

 

12-1 Introduction

12-2 Classifications of Oscillators

12-3 Circuit Analysis of a General Oscillator

12-4 Conditions for Oscillation: Barkhausen Criteria

12-5 Tuned Oscillator

12-6 Crystal Oscillator

12-7 Real-Life Applications

Objectives

In this chapter we will explore the working principle of the oscillator. Generally speaking, the oscillator produces sinusoidal and other waveforms. Beginning with a detailed circuit analysis of the oscillator, we will proceed to discuss the conditions and frequency of oscillation. Following this, the different types of oscillators—Tuned oscillator, Hartley oscillator, Colpitts oscillator, Clapp oscillator, Phase-shift oscillator, Crystal oscillator and Wien-bridge oscillator—will ...

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