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CHAPTER 21 KEY FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS

Distance formula	Fig. 21.2	$d = \sqrt{{(x_{2} - x_{1})}^{2} + {(y_{2} - y_{1})}^{2}}$ (21.1)
Slope	Fig. 21.4	$m = \frac{y_{2} - y_{1}}{x_{2} - x_{1}}$ (21.2)
Fig. 21.7	$m = \tan α (0 ° \leq α < 180 °)$ (21.3)
Fig. 21.9	$m_{1} = m_{2} (for \| \| lines)$ (21.4)
Fig. 21.10	$m_{2} = - \frac{1}{m_{1}} or m_{1} m_{2} = - 1 (for ⊥ lines)$ (21.5)
Straight line	Fig. 21.15	$y - y_{1} = m (x - x_{1})$ (21.6)
Fig. 21.18	$x = a$ (21.7)
Fig. 21.19	$y = b$ (21.8)
Fig. 21.22	$y = m x + b$ (21.9)
$A x + B y + C = 0$ (21.10)
Circle	Fig. 21.30	${(x - h)}^{2} + {(y - k)}^{2} = r^{2}$ (21.11)
Fig. 21.33	$x^{2} + y^{2} = r^{2}$ (21.12)
$x^{2} + y^{2} + D x + E y + F = 0$ (21.14)
Parabola	Fig. 21.43	$y^{2} = 4 p x$ (21.15)
Fig. 21.46	$x^{2} = 4 p y$ (21.16)
Ellipse	Fig. 21.58	$\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}} + \frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}} = 1$ (21.17)
Fig. 21.58	$a^{2} = b^{2} + c^{2}$ (21.18)
Fig. ...

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