Beginning R: The Statistical Programming Language

Appendix

Answers to Exercises

This appendix provides the solutions for the end-of-chapter exercises located in Chapters 1–12.

Chapter 1

Exercise 1 Solution

To install the coin library/package you need to type the following command:

>install.package(‘coin’)

Note that the name must be in quotes. Then you select the closest mirror site and the package is downloaded and installed for you.

Exercise 2 Solution

To load the coin library and make it ready to use you type the following:

>library(coin)

Once the library is active its commands are available for you to use. You can try to bring up the help entry for the package using the following:

>help(coin)

This does not work for all packages; a better alternative is to use the HTML help system by typing:

>help.start()

This opens the main R help files in your default browser. You can now follow the links to the packages and then find coin from the list.

Exercise 3 Solution

The MASS package is already loaded as part of the R installation but is not ready to use until you type:

>library(MASS)

Once you have the library available you can open the help entry using:

>help(bcv)

Exercise 4 Solution

You can use the search() command to get a list of objects that are available for use.

Exercise 5 Solution

To clear the coin package from memory (and remove it from the search() path), type the following:

>detach(package:coin)

Chapter 2

Exercise 1 Solution

You can use either the c() command or the scan() command to enter these data. The problem is that ...