© Joseph B. Ottinger and Andrew Lombardi 2019
J. B. Ottinger, A. LombardiBeginning Spring 5https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-4486-9_1

1. History and Justification

Joseph B. Ottinger1  and Andrew Lombardi2
(1)
YOUNGSVILLE, NC, USA
(2)
Laguna Beach, CA, USA
 

Spring is an application framework providing Dependency Injection features for the Java Virtual Machine – features that enable testability, reliability, and flexibility to application developers. It changed how Java is developed, and here’s how and why.

1.1 Setting the Stage for Better Development

Spring, according to Wikipedia, is one of the four temperate seasons, following winter and… no, no, this isn’t a book about weather. Let’s try again.

A spring is a mechanical device that stores kinetic energy, ...

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