10Studies on Extraction Techniques of Bio-Hydrogen
C. S. Madankar1*, Priti Borde1 and P. D. Meshram2
1 Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
2 University Institute of Chemical Technology, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, India
Abstract
Fossil fuels are the most commonly used energy sources in various sectors. These are non-renewable and not environmentally friendly. Combustion of fossils results in increased CO2 concentration along with various other pollutants. As the trend of eco-friendly and renewable energy sources is increasing, research for finding energy alternatives has also increased. Hydrogen gas has gained certain attention as an alternative to fossil fuels. The production process of hydrogen also includes the use of fossils as a carbon source, whereas various studies discovered that bio-logical methods along with renewable carbon sources can produce hydrogen which is further termed as bio-hydrogen. Bio-hydrogen is a clean source of energy and is eco-friendly. Various micro-organisms produce bio-hydrogen by different fermentation processes by utilizing the organic acids or biomass as carbon sources. Various new technologies are also introduced to enhance the yield of bio-hydrogen, like the integrated fermentation process or use of genetically modified microbial species.
Keywords: Bio-hydrogen, fossil fuel, environmentally friendly, fermentation, micro-organisms ...
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