10.6. Impedance Cardiography
10.6.1. Stroke Volume Measurements
ICG is impedance plethysmography based upon the measurement of thoracic electrical bioimpedance. It may also include a component from the resistivity dependence on blood flow (Sigman effect). If so this is not a plethysmographic but a blood velocity component. Usually a measuring frequency of 50–100 kHz has been used. A thoracic electrical bioimpedance measurement picks up both cardiac and respiration signals. The ambition is that the SV [L] and therefore CO [L/min] can be calculated with ICG, as well as the total thoracic fluid volume, for example, according to Eq. 10.1: v = GρL2.
Nyboer (1950) used two band electrodes around the neck, one band electrode corresponding to the apex of ...
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