Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering

7Electroconductive Bioscaffolds for 2D and 3D Cell Culture

Zhijun Shi^1,2, Lin Mao^1,2, Muhammad Wajid Ullah^1,2, Sixiang Li^1,2, Li Wang^1,2, Sanming Hu^1,2, and Guang Yang^1,2,*

¹ College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

² National Engineering Research Center for Nano‐Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

7.1 Introduction

Bioscaffolds are artificial structural materials which can potentially be used to promote tissue regeneration and injury recovery after their implantation into the human body by various methods. The ideal scaffolds should demonstrate certain characteristic features such as:

1. They should be highly biocompatible to support the cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
2. They should possess a fine three‐dimensional (3D) structure. The fine 3D structure of scaffolds has a good influence on the cell activity and growth of tissues. The fine 3D structure of the scaffold is achieved through special process technology by controlling the specific parameters, such as surface properties, geometry, and porosity, etc.
3. Different tissues have different mechanical properties, thus the scaffold used for the regeneration of new tissues must possess the appropriate mechanical features and be degraded at a suitable rate compared to the host tissues.
4. The scaffold should direct and control the behavior of the cells and tissues during the interaction between the host cells.
5. The ...