Biosensors Nanotechnology

Chapter 1

ZnO and Graphene Microelectrode Applications in Biosensing

Susana Campuzano¹, María Pedrero¹, Georgia-Paraskevi Nikoleli², José M. Pingarrón¹, Dimitrios P. Nikolelis^*,3, Nikolaos Tzamtzis² and Vasillios N. Psychoyios²

¹Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

²Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dept. 1, Chemical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

³Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece

*Corresponding author: [e-mail]

Abstract

Graphene nanomaterials have been the focus of tremendous attention not only in the field of basic research but also in technological applications, owing to their unique physicochemical dimensions such as good sensing ability, and excellent mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. On the other hand, ZnO nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest in relation to sensors due to their many advantages, including large surface-to-volume ratio, excellent biological compatibility, high electron-transfer rates, non-toxicity and biosafety. The development of biosensors can potentially be an interesting application for the utilization of these nanomaterials tremendously large surface-area-to-volume ratio, which is a dominating and promising parameter with the potential to solve biocompatibility and biofouling problems. The ...