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BIODIVERSITY AND THE NEED TO PRESERVE IT

Biological diversity or biodiversity refers to the ‘variety of life’. Collectively, the term implies the variety at all levels of biological organization. This ‘variety of life’ is expressed in three ways.

  1. Genetic diversity
  2. Organismal diversity
  3. Ecological diversity

Genetic diversity encompasses the components of the genetic coding that structures organisms (nucleotides, genes, chromosomes, etc.) and also the variations in the genetic make up of individuals in a population and between populations. Organismal diversity encompasses the taxanomic hierarchy—from individuals to species, genera, and beyond. Ecological diversity encompasses the ecological differences between populations, in different niches, ...

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