
This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition
Copyright © 2012 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved.
Where Did My Oligo Go?
|
109
So far in this chapter, we’ve just walked through most basic operations of Karlin-
Altschul statistics to provide you with the knowledge necessary to calculate bit
scores, effective lengths, and Expects. We’ve explained that BLAST uses one statisti-
cal measure to calculate the Expect of an HSP and another to calculate the aggregate
Expect of a group of HSPs. Hopefully, you’ve gained a better understanding of how
all of these operations of fit into the larger picture of Karlin-Altschul statistics.
You have also seen that it’s possible to use Karlin-Altschul statistics to recover statis-
tical measures that are calculated by BLAST internally, but not included in the
report—principally, sum scores and the individual Expect for an HSP for which an
Expect(n) has been reported. Learning to calculate these values is the first step
toward becoming a power user of BLAST statistics. The remaining sections of this
chapter will show you how to use what you’ve learned to deal with critical questions
about BLAST results.
Using Statistics to Understand BLAST Results
Karlin-Altschul statistics is much more than a way to determine the statistical signifi-
cance of a sequence alignment in the context of a database search. It also provides a
framework with which to probe the ...