Brain-Computer Interface

12BCI – Challenges, Applications, and Advancements

R. Remya¹* and Sumithra, M.G.²

¹Department of BME, Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India

²R&D, Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) has regarded as a multidisciplinary active domain in the research field. This study focuses on the survey of BCI applications developed yet and their significance. Also, it explains the available data sets, feature extraction method, previously available BCI algorithms, and classifiers used. Furthermore, the hardware utilization in BCI had explained. Lastly, it examines the technologies used nowadays and the challenges encountered by BCI not proved with a suitable solution.

Keywords: BCI, hardware, brain waves

12.1 Introduction

Direct communication between computers and the brain has been an interesting topic for researchers and experts. The BCI system has connected between the computer and brain. It is with the support of hardware and external parameters, instead of sharing the information from the brain through the finger on a mouse. It makes users work on external devices not possessed by the peripheral nerves.

Currently, research made on non-invasive BCI; since in an invasive (traditional) BCI, a mechanical device is embed in the brain to control the operation. Usually BCI does not read the brain as it is; instead, it reads any slight changes in the energy emitted by the brain. Depend upon the imaging techniques ...