Building Secure Cars

1Overview of the Current State of Cybersecurity in the Automotive Industry

BEFORE YOU START WALKING YOU MUST FIRST KNOW WHERE YOU ARE

Since the introduction of the first gasoline‐powered automobiles in 1885, the automotive industry has gone through an amazing journey to create the technical marvels that are today's vehicles. But how did we get here? A quick review of the history of automotive technology trends shows the introduction of core electrical systems in the 1980s. These isolated systems were driven by innovation and new technologies such as airbags and anti‐lock braking systems (ABSs). The main focus of these systems was on safety to help create safer vehicles. In the 1990s until the early 2000s, the automotive industry saw a widespread adoption of electronic control units (ECUs) in vehicles, mainly driven by efficiency in production and maintenance, to improve scalability and time to market, and support emerging communication types. Thus, besides safety, these systems focused on providing added capabilities. In the late 2000s and continuing into the 2010s, the automotive industry gradually introduced the notion of connected and autonomous vehicles, where vehicles were no longer isolated systems but instead have capabilities to communicate with external entities and partially control vehicle functionality. During the 2010s, there was a surge in the development of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), including emergency braking systems, predictive forward collision ...