CHAPTER 5

Connectivity, IoT, and a Smarter World

Having discussed—in the previous chapter—promising technologies in computing power and AI, let us now move on to developments related to connectivity.

5G

5G is the latest of five technology generations of broadband cellular networks and is about a hundred times stronger than its predecessor, 4G.1 Although research into 5G started as far back as 2008 in South Korea,2 it took almost a decade of product development in various countries before the global commercial rollout of 5G began in 2019.3,4

Cellular networks slice up service areas into smaller zones called cells, which are covered through a network of transceivers and antennae mounted on a variety of cell towers.5 Cellular technology runs on ...

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