book

C# 2008 Programmer's Reference

Name: C# 2008 Programmer's Reference
Author: Wei-Meng Lee
ISBN: 9780470285817

by Wei-Meng Lee

November 2008

Intermediate to advanced

838 pages

16h 26m

English

Wrox

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Copyright
About the Author
About the Technical Editor
Credits
Acknowledgments
Introduction
0.1. Who This Book Is For0.2. What This Book Covers0.2.1. Part I: C# Fundamentals0.2.2. Part II: Application Development Using C#0.2.3. Part III: Appendixes0.3. What You Need to Use This Book0.4. Conventions0.5. Source Code0.6. Errata0.7. p2p.wrox.com
I. C# Fundamentals
1. The .NET Framework
1.1. What's the .NET Framework?1.1.1. Common Language Runtime1.1.2. .NET Framework Class Library1.2. Assemblies and the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL)1.3. Versions of the .NET Framework and Visual Studio1.4. Summary
2. Getting Started with Visual Studio 2008
2.1. Visual Studio 2008 Overview2.1.1. Choosing the Development Settings2.1.2. Resetting the Development Settings2.1.3. Creating a New Project2.1.4. Components of the IDE2.1.4.1. Menu Bar2.1.4.2. Toolbar2.1.4.3. Toolbox2.1.4.4. Solution Explorer2.1.4.5. Properties2.1.4.6. Error List2.1.4.7. Output Window2.1.4.8. Designer Window2.1.4.9. Code View2.2. Code and Text Editor2.2.1. Code Snippets2.2.2. IntelliSense2.2.3. Refactoring Support2.2.3.1. Rename2.2.3.2. Extract Method2.2.3.3. Reorder and Remove Parameters2.2.3.4. Encapsulate Field2.2.3.5. Extract Interface2.2.3.6. Promote Local Variable to Parameter2.3. Debugging2.3.1. Setting Breakpoints2.3.2. Stepping through the Code2.3.3. Watching2.3.4. Autos and Immediate Windows2.4. Unit Testing2.4.1. Creating the Test2.4.2. Running the Test2.4.3. Testing with Floating Point Numbers2.4.4. Adding Additional Test Methods2.5. Summary
3. C# Language Foundations
3.1. Using Visual Studio 20083.2. Using the C# Compiler (csc.exe)3.3. Dissecting the Program3.3.1. Passing Arguments to Main()3.4. Language Syntax3.4.1. Keywords3.4.2. Variables3.4.3. Scope of Variables3.4.4. Constants3.4.5. Comments3.4.6. XML Documentation3.5. Data Types3.5.1. Value Types3.5.1.1. Predefined Value Types3.5.1.2. Nullable Type3.5.2. Reference Types3.5.3. Enumerations3.5.4. Arrays3.5.5. Implicit Typing3.5.6. Type Conversion3.6. Flow Control3.6.1. if-else Statement3.6.2. switch Statement3.7. Looping3.7.1. for Loop3.7.2. Nested for Loop3.7.3. foreach3.7.4. while and do-while Loops3.7.5. Exiting from a Loop3.7.5.1. break3.7.5.2. return3.7.5.3. throw3.7.5.4. goto3.7.6. Skipping an Iteration3.8. Operators3.8.1. Assignment Operators3.8.1.1. Self-Assignment Operators3.8.1.2. Prefix and Postfix Operators3.8.2. Relational Operators3.8.3. Logical Operators3.8.3.1. Short-Circuit Evaluation3.8.4. Mathematical Operators3.8.5. Operator Precedence3.9. Preprocessor Directives3.9.1. #define and #undef3.9.2. #if, #else, #elif, and #endif3.9.3. #warning and #error3.9.4. #line3.9.5. #region and #endregion3.9.6. #pragma warning3.10. Summary

4. Classes and Objects
4.1. Classes4.1.1. Defining a Class4.1.2. Using Partial Classes4.1.3. Creating an Instance of a Class (Object Instantiation)4.1.4. Anonymous Types (C# 3.0)4.1.5. Class Members4.1.5.1. Instance Members4.1.5.2. Static Members4.1.5.3. Access Modifiers4.1.6. Function Members4.1.6.1. Methods4.1.6.1.1. Passing Arguments into Methods4.1.6.1.2. The this Keyword4.1.6.2. Properties4.1.6.2.1. Read-Only and Write-Only Properties4.1.6.2.2. Partial Methods (C# 3.0)4.1.6.2.3. Automatic Properties (C# 3.0)4.1.6.3. Constructors4.1.6.3.1. Constructor Chaining4.1.6.3.2. Static Constructors4.1.6.3.3. Copy Constructor4.1.6.4. Object Initializers (C# 3.0)4.1.6.5. Destructors4.1.7. Static Classes4.2. System.Object Class4.2.1. Testing for Equality4.2.2. Implementing Equals4.2.3. ToString() Method4.2.4. Attributes4.2.4.1. CLR Attributes4.2.4.2. Custom Attributes4.3. Structures4.4. Summary
5. Interfaces
5.1. Defining an Interface5.2. Implementing an Interface5.3. Implementing Multiple Interfaces5.4. Extending Interfaces5.5. Interface Casting5.6. The is and as Operators5.7. Overriding Interface Implementations5.8. Summary
6. Inheritance
6.1. Understanding Inheritance in C#6.2. Implementation Inheritance6.2.1. Abstract Class6.2.2. Abstract Methods6.2.3. Virtual Methods6.2.4. Sealed Classes and Methods6.2.5. Overloading Methods6.2.6. Overloading Operators6.2.7. Extension Methods (C# 3.0)6.2.8. Access Modifiers6.2.9. Inheritance and Constructors6.2.10. Calling Base Class Constructors6.3. Interface Inheritance6.4. Explicit Interface Members Implementation6.5. Summary
7. Delegates and Events
7.1. Delegates7.1.1. Creating a Delegate7.1.2. Delegates Chaining (Multicast Delegates)7.1.3. Implementing Callbacks Using Delegates7.1.4. Asynchronous Callbacks7.1.5. Anonymous Methods and Lambda Expressions7.2. Events7.2.1. Handling Events7.2.2. Implementing Events7.2.3. Difference between Events and Delegates7.2.4. Passing State Information to an Event Handler7.3. Summary
8. Strings and Regular Expressions
8.1. The System.String Class8.1.1. Escape Characters8.1.2. String Manipulations8.1.2.1. Testing for Equality8.1.2.2. Comparing Strings8.1.2.3. Creating and Concatenating Strings8.1.2.4. Trimming Strings8.1.2.5. Splitting Strings8.1.2.6. Searching and Replacing Strings8.1.2.7. Changing Case8.1.3. String Formatting8.1.4. The StringBuilder Class8.2. Regular Expressions8.2.1. Searching for a Match8.2.2. More Complex Pattern Matching8.3. Summary
9. Generics
9.1. Understanding Generics9.1.1. Generic Classes9.1.2. Using the default Keyword in Generics9.1.3. Advantages of Generics9.1.4. Using Constraints in a Generic Type9.1.4.1. Specifying Multiple Constraints9.1.4.2. Multiple Type Parameter9.1.5. Generic Interfaces9.1.6. Generic Structs9.1.7. Generic Methods9.1.8. Generic Operators9.1.9. Generic Delegates9.2. Generics and the .NET Framework Class Library9.3. Using the LinkedList<T> Generic Class9.4. System.Collections.ObjectModel9.5. Summary
10. Threading
10.1. The Need for Multithreading10.1.1. Starting a Thread10.1.2. Aborting a Thread10.1.3. Passing Parameters to Threads10.2. Thread Synchronization10.2.1. Using Interlocked Class10.2.2. Using C# Lock10.2.3. Monitor Class10.3. Thread Safety in Windows Forms10.3.1. Using the BackgroundWorker Control10.3.2. Testing the Application10.4. Summary
11. Files and Streams
11.1. Working with Files and Directories11.1.1. Working with Directories11.1.1.1. DirectoryInfo Class11.1.1.2. Directory Class11.1.2. Working with Files Using the File and FileInfo Classes11.1.2.1. Reading and Writing to Files11.1.2.2. StreamReader and StreamWriter Classes11.1.2.3. BinaryReader and BinaryWriter Classes11.1.3. Creating a FileExplorer11.2. The Stream Class11.2.1. BufferedStream11.2.2. The FileStream Class11.2.3. MemoryStream11.2.4. NetworkStream Class11.2.4.1. Building a Client-Server Application11.2.4.2. Building a Multi-User Server Application11.3. Cryptography11.3.1. Hashing11.3.2. Salted Hash11.3.3. Encryption and Decryption11.3.3.1. Symmetric Encryption11.3.3.2. Asymmetric Encryption11.4. Compressions for Stream Objects11.4.1. Compression11.4.2. Decompression11.5. Serialization11.5.1. Binary Serialization11.5.2. XML Serialization11.5.2.1. Defining a Sample Class11.5.2.2. Serializing the Class11.5.2.3. Deserializing the Class11.5.2.4. Customizing the Serialization Process11.5.2.5. XML Serialization Needs a Default Constructor11.5.2.6. Uses of XML Serialization11.6. Summary
12. Exception Handling
12.1. Handling Exceptions12.1.1. Handling Exceptions Using the try-catch Statement12.1.2. Handling Multiple Exceptions12.1.3. Throwing Exceptions Using the throw Statement12.1.4. Rethrowing Exceptions12.1.5. Exception Chaining12.1.6. Using Exception Objects12.1.7. The finally Statement12.2. Creating Custom Exceptions12.3. Summary
13. Arrays and Collections
13.1. Arrays13.1.1. Accessing Array Elements13.1.2. Multidimensional Arrays13.1.3. Arrays of Arrays: Jagged Arrays13.1.4. Parameter Arrays13.1.5. Copying Arrays13.2. Collections Interfaces13.2.1. Dynamic Arrays Using the ArrayList Class13.2.2. Indexers and Iterators13.2.3. Implementing IEnumerable<T> and IEnumerator<T>13.2.4. Implementing Comparison Using IComparer<T> and IComparable<T>13.2.5. Dictionary13.2.6. Stacks13.2.7. Queues13.3. Summary
14. Language Integrated Query (LINQ)
14.1. LINQ Architecture14.2. LINQ to Objects14.2.1. Query Syntax versus Method Syntax and Lambda Expressions14.2.2. LINQ and Extension Methods14.2.2.1. Deferred Query Execution14.2.2.2. Forced Immediate Query Execution14.2.3. LINQ and Anonymous Types14.3. LINQ to DataSet14.3.1. Reshaping Data14.3.2. Aggregate Functions14.3.3. Joining Tables14.3.4. Typed DataSet14.3.5. Detecting Null Fields14.3.6. Saving the Result of a Query to a DataTable14.4. LINQ to XML14.4.1. Creating XML Trees14.4.2. Querying Elements14.4.3. An Example Using RSS14.4.3.1. Query Elements with a Namespace14.4.3.2. Retrieving Postings in the Last 10 Days14.5. LINQ to SQL14.5.1. Using the Object Relational Designer14.5.2. Querying14.5.3. Inserting New Rows14.5.4. Updating Rows14.5.5. Deleting Rows14.6. Summary
15. Assemblies and Versioning
15.1. Assemblies15.1.1. Structure of an Assembly15.1.2. Examining the Content of an Assembly15.1.3. Single and Multi-File Assemblies15.1.3.1. Updating the DLL15.1.3.2. Modules and Assemblies15.1.4. Understanding Namespaces and Assemblies15.2. Private versus Shared Assemblies15.2.1. Creating a Shared Assembly15.2.1.1. Creating a Strong Name15.2.1.2. Versioning15.2.1.3. Building the Assembly15.2.2. The Global Assembly Cache15.2.3. Putting the Shared Assembly into GAC15.2.4. Making the Shared Assembly Visible in Visual Studio15.2.5. Using the Shared Assembly15.3. Summary
II. Application Development Using C#
16. Developing Windows Applications
16.1. The Project16.1.1. Configuring the FTP Server16.1.2. Creating the Application16.1.3. Using Application Settings16.1.4. Coding the Application16.1.5. Building the Directory Tree and Displaying Images16.1.6. Creating a New Directory16.1.7. Removing a Directory16.1.8. Uploading Photos16.1.9. Deleting a Photo16.1.10. Testing the Application16.2. Adding Print Capability16.2.1. Basics of Printing in .NET16.2.2. Adding Print Support to the Project16.3. Deploying the Application16.3.1. Publishing the Application Using ClickOnce16.3.2. Updating the Application16.3.3. Programmatically Updating the Application16.3.4. Rolling Back16.3.5. Under the Hood: Application and Deployment Manifests16.3.5.1. Application Manifest16.3.5.2. Deployment Manifest16.3.5.3. Where Are the Files Installed Locally?16.4. Summary
17. Developing ASP.NET Web Applications
17.1. About ASP.NET17.1.1. How ASP.NET Works17.1.2. What Do You Need to Run ASP.NET?17.2. Data Binding17.2.1. Modeling Databases Using LINQ to SQL17.2.2. Data Binding Using the GridView Control17.2.3. Displaying Publisher's Name17.2.4. Displaying Titles from a Selected Publisher17.2.5. Making the Publisher Field Editable17.3. Building Responsive Applications Using AJAX17.3.1. AJAX Control Toolkit17.3.2. AJAX-Enabling a Page Using the ScriptManager Control17.3.3. Using the UpdatePanel Control17.3.4. Using Triggers to Cause an Update17.3.5. Displaying Progress Using the UpdateProgress Control17.3.6. Displaying a Modal Dialog Using the ModalPopupExtender Control17.4. Summary
18. Developing Windows Mobile Applications
18.1. The Windows Mobile Platform18.2. Developing Windows Mobile Applications Using the .NET Compact Framework18.3. Obtaining the Appropriate SDKs and Tools18.4. Building the RSS Reader Application18.4.1. Building the User Interface18.4.2. Creating the Helper Methods18.4.3. Wiring All the Event Handlers18.4.4. Testing Using Emulators18.4.5. Testing Using Real Devices18.5. Deploying the Application18.5.1. Creating a CAB File18.5.2. Creating a Setup Application18.5.2.1. Creating the Custom Installer18.5.2.2. Creating a MSI File18.5.2.3. Testing the Setup18.5.2.4. Installing the Prerequisites — .NET Compact Framework 3.518.6. Summary
19. Developing Silverlight Applications
19.1. The State of Silverlight19.1.1. Obtaining the Tools19.1.2. Architecture of Silverlight19.2. Building a Silverlight UI Using XAML19.2.1. Creating a Bare-Bones Silverlight Application19.2.2. Understanding XAML19.2.2.1. The Canvas Control19.2.2.2. Drawing Shapes19.2.2.2.1. Rectangle19.2.2.2.2. Line19.2.2.2.3. Ellipse19.2.2.2.4. Polygon19.2.2.2.5. Polyline19.2.2.3. Painting Shapes19.2.2.3.1. Using SolidColorBrush19.2.2.3.2. Using LinearGradientBrush19.2.2.3.3. Using RadialGradientBrush19.2.2.3.4. Using ImageBrush19.2.3. Crafting XAML Using Expression Blend 219.2.3.1. Using Expression Blend 219.2.3.2. Scripting the UI Using JavaScript19.3. Silverlight 1.019.3.1. Animation — Part 119.3.2. Animations — Part 219.3.2.1. Slowing the Rate of Fall19.3.2.2. Varying the Rate of Fall19.3.3. Playing Media19.3.3.1. Creating the Silverlight Project19.3.3.2. Disabling Auto-Play19.3.3.3. Creating the Mirror Effect19.3.4. Creating Your Own Media Player19.3.4.1. Creating the Project19.3.4.2. Designing the User Interface19.3.4.3. Wiring All the Controls19.3.4.4. Creating the Helper Functions19.3.4.5. Defining the Event Handlers19.4. Silverlight 2.019.4.1. Creating the Project Using Visual Studio 200819.4.1.1. Capturing the Signature19.4.1.2. Coding the Application19.4.1.3. Saving the Signature to Isolated Storage19.4.1.4. Saving the Signature to Web Services19.5. Summary
20. Windows Communication Foundation
20.1. What Is WCF?20.1.1. Comparing WCF with ASMX Web Services20.1.2. Your First WCF Service20.1.3. Consuming the WCF Service20.2. Understanding How WCF Works20.2.1. WCF Communication Protocols20.2.2. The ABCs of WCF20.2.2.1. Addresses and Endpoints20.2.2.2. Bindings20.2.2.3. Contracts20.2.3. Messaging Patterns20.2.4. Hosting Web Services20.3. Building WCF Services20.3.1. Exposing Multiple Endpoints20.3.1.1. Creating the WCF Service20.3.1.2. Creating the Client20.3.2. Creating Self-Hosted WCF Service20.3.2.1. Creating the WCF Service20.3.2.2. Creating the Client20.3.3. Implementing WCF Callbacks20.3.3.1. Building the Service20.3.3.2. Building the Client20.3.3.3. Testing the Application20.3.4. Calling WCF Services from an AJAX Page20.4. Summary
III. Appendixes
A. C# Keywords
A.1. C# Reserved KeywordsA.2. Contextual Keywords
B. Examining the .Net Class Libraries Using the Object Browser
B.1. Versions of the .NET FrameworkB.2. .NET Framework 2.0B.3. .NET Framework 3.0B.4. .NET Framework 3.5B.5. Using the Object Browser
C. Generating Documentation for Your C# Applications
C.1. Inline Documentation using XMLC.2. Generating the DocumentationC.2.1. Downloading and Installing SandcastleC.2.2. Launching SandcastleC.2.3. Building and Viewing the DocumentationC.2.4. Distributing the Documentation

Content preview from C# 2008 Programmer's Reference

Chapter 11. Files and Streams

At some stage in your development cycle, you need to store data on some persistent media so that when the computer is restarted the data is still be available. In most cases, you either store the data in a database or in files. A file is basically a sequence of characters stored on storage media such as your hard disks, thumb drives, and so on. When you talk about files, you need to understand another associated term — streams. A stream is a channel in which data is passed from one point to another. In .NET, streams are divided into various types: file streams for files held on permanent storage, network streams for data transferred across the network, memory streams for data stored in internal storage, and so forth.

With streams, you can perform a wide range of tasks, including compressing and decompressing data, serializing and deserializing data, and encrypting and decrypting data. This chapter examines:

Manipulating files and directories
How to quickly read and write data to files
The concepts of streams
Using the BufferedStream class to improve the performance of applications reading from a stream
Using the FileStream class to read and write to files
Using the MemoryStream class to use the internal memory store as a buffer
Using the NetworkStream class for network programming
The various types of cryptographic classes available in .NET
Performing compressions and decompression on streams
Serializing and deserializing objects into binary and XML data

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Chapter 11. Files and Streams

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