C++ How to Program, 10/e

... postincrement: 6 c before preincrement: 5 preincrementing c: 6 c after preincrement: 6 

Line 8 initializes the variable c to 5, and line 9 outputs c’s initial value. Line 10 outputs the value of the expression c++. This expression postincrements the variable c, so c’s original value (5) is output, then c’s value is incremented (to 6). Thus, line 10 outputs c’s initial value (5) again. Line 11 outputs c’s new value (6) to prove that the variable’s value was indeed incremented in line 10.

Line 16 resets c’s value to 5, and line 17 outputs c’s value. Line 18 outputs the value of the expression ++c. This expression preincrements c, so its value is incremented; then the new value (6) is output. Line 19 outputs c’s value again to show that the value ...