C++ Primer Plus, Fourth Edition

Chapter 6

1:	Consider the following two code fragments for counting spaces and newlines: // Version 1 while (cin.get(ch)) // quit on eof { if (ch == ' ') spaces++; if (ch == '\n') newlines++; } // Version 2 while (cin.get(ch)) // quit on eof { if (ch == ' ') spaces++; else if (ch == '\n') newlines++; } What advantages, if any, does the second form have over the first?
A1:	Both versions give the same answers, but the if else version is more efficient. Consider what happens, for example, when ch is a space. Version 1, after incrementing spaces, tests to see whether the character is a newline. This wastes time because the program already has established that ch is a space and hence could not be a newline. Version 2, in the same situation, skips the ...