The C++ stream-based I/O library allows you to perform I/O operations without having to know details about the target to or source from which you are streaming. A stream’s target or source could be a string, a file, a memory buffer, and so on.
Input and Output with Streams
The stream classes provided by the Standard Library are organized in a hierarchy and a set of headers, as shown in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1.
The hierarchy of ...