2

Generation of Cancer

2.1 Theories of Carcinogenesis

Carcinogenesis is defined as the formation of cancer where the process underlying the transformation of a normal cell to a cancerous cell is elucidated. This transformation is characterised by abnormal cell division owing to changes at the epigenetic, cellular and genetic levels. Accumulation of these mutations which lead to DNA damage in cells is observed at the beginning of this process. Faulty repair mechanisms combined with replication of cells with mutated genomes gives rise to daughter cells harbouring similar mutations and malignant properties. Although, a certain number of clones must be generated before the tumour is formed and can be detected. The number of daughter cells generated ...

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