Carbon Allotropes and Composites

11Carbon Allotropes in Waste Decomposition and Management

Swati Sahu^*, Gajendra Singh Rathore and Sanjay Tiwari

Photonics Research Laboratory, School of Studies in Electronics & Photonics, Institute of Renewable Energy Technology & Management, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India

Abstract

Graphene, activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are three examples of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) that hold considerable potential for use in environmental and energy applications. Although there are several methods for producing CNMs, green techniques that utilize mainly energy-saving technology or low-cost basic materials have lately gained appeal. According to recent research, transforming low-valued waste products into high-valued CNMs helps to develop materials processing and recycling technology. With a focus on graphene, activated carbon, and CNTs, this chapter explores the biological synthesis potential for producing carbon allotropes from waste. This chapter makes an effort to give a thorough understanding of every facet of pyrolysis, making sure that all cutting-edge methods are approached from the requirements management elements that affect the final result. One of the most significant applications of pyrolysis is waste treatment. The target products vary depending on the phase and quantity of the chemical precursor, thermal temperature, catalyst activity, and the presence of post-pyrolysis phases during thermal treatment, even though the essential principles ...