CCNA®: Cisco® Certified Network Associate: Study Guide, Sixth Edition

CCNA®: Cisco® Certified Network Associate: Study Guide, Sixth Edition

by Todd Lammle
Released September 2007
Publisher(s): Sybex
ISBN: 9780470110089

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Book description

Completely Revised for the New 2007 Version of the CCNA Exam (#640-802)

Cisco networking authority Todd Lammle has completely updated this new edition to cover all of the exam objectives for the latest version of the CCNA exam. Todd’s straightforward style provides lively examples, easy-to-understand analogies, and real-world scenarios that will not only help you prepare for the exam, but also give you a solid foundation as a Cisco networking professional.

Packed with updated topics that have been added to the 2007 version of the CCNA exam, this updated study guide features expanded coverage of key topic areas plus new material on switching, network address translation, and OSPF. Inside, find the complete instruction you need, including:

  • Full coverage of all exam objectives in a systematic approach, so you can be confident you’re getting the instruction you need for the exam

  • Practical hands-on exercises and labs to reinforce critical skills,

  • Real-world scenarios that put what you’ve learned in the context of actual job roles

  • Challenging review questions in each chapter to prepare you for exam day

  • Exam Essentials, a key feature in each chapter that identifies critical areas you must become proficient in before taking the exam

  • CD-ROM Includes:

  • Chapter Review Questions

  • Four Full-Length Practice Exams

  • 200 Electronic Flashcards

  • Audio and Video Instruction from Todd Lammle

  • Full book in searchable PDF format

Table of contents

  1. Copyright
  2. To Our Valued Readers:
  3. Acknowledgments
  4. Introduction
      1. Cisco's Network Support Certifications
        1. Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)
        2. Why Become a CCNA?
        3. What Skills Do You Need to Become a CCNA?
        4. How Do You Become a CCNA?
      2. What Does This Book Cover?
      3. How to Use This Book
      4. What's on the CD?
        1. The Sybex Test Preparation Software
        2. Electronic Flashcards for PC, Pocket PC, and Palm Devices
        3. CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide in PDF
        4. Todd Lammle Videos
        5. Todd Lammle Audios
      5. Where Do You Take the Exams?
      6. Tips for Taking Your CCNA Composite Exam
        1. How to Contact the Author
  5. Assessment Test
  6. Answers to Assessment Test
  7. 1. Internetworking
    1. 1.1. Internetworking Basics
    2. 1.2. Internetworking Models
      1. 1.2.1. The Layered Approach
      2. 1.2.2. Advantages of Reference Models
    3. 1.3. The OSI Reference Model
      1. 1.3.1. The Application Layer
      2. 1.3.2. The Presentation Layer
      3. 1.3.3. The Session Layer
      4. 1.3.4. The Transport Layer
        1. 1.3.4.1. Flow Control
        2. 1.3.4.2. Connection-Oriented Communication
        3. 1.3.4.3. Windowing
        4. 1.3.4.4. Acknowledgments
      5. 1.3.5. The Network Layer
      6. 1.3.6. The Data Link Layer
        1. 1.3.6.1. Switches and Bridges at the Data Link Layer
        2. 1.3.6.2. Binary to Decimal and Hexadecimal Conversion
      7. 1.3.7. The Physical Layer
        1. 1.3.7.1. Hubs at the Physical Layer
    4. 1.4. Ethernet Networking
      1. 1.4.1. Half- and Full-Duplex Ethernet
      2. 1.4.2. Ethernet at the Data Link Layer
        1. 1.4.2.1. Ethernet Addressing
        2. 1.4.2.2. Ethernet Frames
      3. 1.4.3. Ethernet at the Physical Layer
    5. 1.5. Ethernet Cabling
      1. 1.5.1. Straight-Through Cable
      2. 1.5.2. Crossover Cable
      3. 1.5.3. Rolled Cable
    6. 1.6. Data Encapsulation
    7. 1.7. The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical Model
      1. 1.7.1. The Core Layer
      2. 1.7.2. The Distribution Layer
      3. 1.7.3. The Access Layer
    8. 1.8. Summary
    9. 1.9. Exam Essentials
    10. 1.10. Written Lab 1
      1. 1.10.1. Written Lab 1.1: OSI Questions
      2. 1.10.2. Written Lab 1.2: Defining the OSI Layers and Devices
      3. 1.10.3. Written Lab 1.3: Identifying Collision and Broadcast Domains
      4. 1.10.4. Written Lab 1.4: Binary/Decimal/Hexadecimal Conversion
    11. 1.11. Review Questions
    12. 1.12. Answers to Review Questions
    13. 1.13. Answers to Written Lab 1
    14. 1.14. Answer to Written Lab 1.2
    15. 1.15. Answers to Written Lab 1.3
    16. 1.16. Answers to Written Lab 1.4
  8. 2. Introduction to TCP/IP
    1. 2.1. TCP/IP and the DoD Model
      1. 2.1.1. The Process/Application Layer Protocols
        1. 2.1.1.1. Telnet
        2. 2.1.1.2. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
        3. 2.1.1.3. Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
        4. 2.1.1.4. Network File System (NFS)
        5. 2.1.1.5. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
        6. 2.1.1.6. Line Printer Daemon (LPD)
        7. 2.1.1.7. X Window
        8. 2.1.1.8. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
        9. 2.1.1.9. Domain Name Service (DNS)
        10. 2.1.1.10. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)/Bootstrap Protocol (BootP)
      2. 2.1.2. The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols
        1. 2.1.2.1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
          1. 2.1.2.1.1. TCP Segment Format
        2. 2.1.2.2. User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
          1. 2.1.2.2.1. UDP Segment Format
        3. 2.1.2.3. Key Concepts of Host-to-Host Protocols
        4. 2.1.2.4. Port Numbers
          1. 2.1.2.4.1. TCP Session: Source Port
          2. 2.1.2.4.2. TCP Session: Destination Port
          3. 2.1.2.4.3. TCP Session: Syn Packet Acknowledgment
      3. 2.1.3. The Internet Layer Protocols
        1. 2.1.3.1. Internet Protocol (IP)
        2. 2.1.3.2. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
        3. 2.1.3.3. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
        4. 2.1.3.4. Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
        5. 2.1.3.5. Proxy Address Resolution Protocol (Proxy ARP)
    2. 2.2. IP Addressing
      1. 2.2.1. IP Terminology
      2. 2.2.2. The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme
        1. 2.2.2.1. Network Addressing
          1. 2.2.2.1.1. Network Address Range: Class A
          2. 2.2.2.1.2. Network Address Range: Class B
          3. 2.2.2.1.3. Network Address Range: Class C
          4. 2.2.2.1.4. Network Address Ranges: Classes D and E
          5. 2.2.2.1.5. Network Addresses: Special Purpose
        2. 2.2.2.2. Class A Addresses
          1. 2.2.2.2.1. Class A Valid Host IDs
        3. 2.2.2.3. Class B Addresses
          1. 2.2.2.3.1. Class B Valid Host IDs
        4. 2.2.2.4. Class C Addresses
          1. 2.2.2.4.1. Class C Valid Host IDs
      3. 2.2.3. Private IP Addresses
    3. 2.3. Broadcast Addresses
    4. 2.4. Summary
    5. 2.5. Exam Essentials
    6. 2.6. Written Lab 2
    7. 2.7. Review Questions
    8. 2.8. Answers to Review Questions
    9. 2.9. Answers to Written Lab 2
  9. 3. Subnetting, Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSMs), and Troubleshooting TCP/IP
    1. 3.1. Subnetting Basics
      1. 3.1.1. IP Subnet-Zero
      2. 3.1.2. How to Create Subnets
      3. 3.1.3. Subnet Masks
      4. 3.1.4. Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
      5. 3.1.5. Subnetting Class C Addresses
        1. 3.1.5.1. Subnetting a Class C Address: The Fast Way!
        2. 3.1.5.2. Subnetting Practice Examples: Class C Addresses
          1. 3.1.5.2.1. Practice Example #1C: 255.255.255.128 (/25)
          2. 3.1.5.2.2. Practice Example #2C: 255.255.255.192 (/26)
          3. 3.1.5.2.3. Practice Example #3C: 255.255.255.224 (/27)
          4. 3.1.5.2.4. Practice Example #4C: 255.255.255.240 (/28)
          5. 3.1.5.2.5. Practice Example #5C: 255.255.255.248 (/29)
          6. 3.1.5.2.6. Practice Example #6C: 255.255.255.252 (/30)
        3. 3.1.5.3. Subnetting in Your Head: Class C Addresses
        4. 3.1.5.4. What Do We Know?
      6. 3.1.6. Subnetting Class B Addresses
        1. 3.1.6.1. Subnetting Practice Examples: Class B Addresses
          1. 3.1.6.1.1. Practice Example #1B: 255.255.128.0 (/17)
          2. 3.1.6.1.2. Practice Example #2B: 255.255.192.0 (/18)
          3. 3.1.6.1.3. Practice Example #3B: 255.255.240.0 (/20)
          4. 3.1.6.1.4. Practice Example #4B: 255.255.254.0 (/23)
          5. 3.1.6.1.5. Practice Example #5B: 255.255.255.0 (/24)
          6. 3.1.6.1.6. Practice Example #6B: 255.255.255.128 (/25)
          7. 3.1.6.1.7. Practice Example #7B: 255.255.255.192 (/26)
          8. 3.1.6.1.8. Practice Example #8B: 255.255.255.224 (/27)
        2. 3.1.6.2. Subnetting in Your Head: Class B Addresses
      7. 3.1.7. Subnetting Class A Addresses
        1. 3.1.7.1. Subnetting Practice Examples: Class A Addresses
          1. 3.1.7.1.1. Practice Example #1A: 255.255.0.0 (/16)
          2. 3.1.7.1.2. Practice Example #2A: 255.255.240.0 (/20)
          3. 3.1.7.1.3. Practice Example #3A: 255.255.255.192 (/26)
        2. 3.1.7.2. Subnetting in Your Head: Class A Addresses
    2. 3.2. Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSMs)
      1. 3.2.1. VLSM Design
      2. 3.2.2. Implementing VLSM Networks
    3. 3.3. Summarization
    4. 3.4. Troubleshooting IP Addressing
      1. 3.4.1. Determining IP Address Problems
    5. 3.5. Summary
    6. 3.6. Exam Essentials
    7. 3.7. Written Labs 3
      1. 3.7.1. Written Lab 3.1: Written Subnet Practice #1
      2. 3.7.2. Written Lab 3.2: Written Subnet Practice
      3. 3.7.3. Written Lab 3.3: Written Subnet Practice
    8. 3.8. Review Questions
    9. 3.9. Answers to Review Questions
    10. 3.10. Answers to Written Lab 3.1
    11. 3.11. Answers to Written Lab 3.2
    12. 3.12. Answers to Written Lab 3.3
  10. 4. Cisco's Internetworking Operating System (IOS) and Security Device Manager (SDM)
    1. 4.1. The IOS User Interface
      1. 4.1.1. Cisco Router IOS
      2. 4.1.2. Connecting to a Cisco Router
      3. 4.1.3. Bringing Up a Router
        1. 4.1.3.1. Bringing Up a Non-ISR Router (a 2600)
    2. 4.2. Command-Line Interface (CLI)
      1. 4.2.1. Entering the CLI from a Non-ISR Router
      2. 4.2.2. Overview of Router Modes
      3. 4.2.3. CLI Prompts
        1. 4.2.3.1. Interfaces
        2. 4.2.3.2. Subinterfaces
        3. 4.2.3.3. Line Commands
        4. 4.2.3.4. Routing Protocol Configurations
        5. 4.2.3.5. Defining Router Terms
      4. 4.2.4. Editing and Help Features
      5. 4.2.5. Gathering Basic Routing Information
    3. 4.3. Router and Switch Administrative Configurations
      1. 4.3.1. Hostnames
      2. 4.3.2. Banners
      3. 4.3.3. Setting Passwords
        1. 4.3.3.1. Enable Passwords
        2. 4.3.3.2. Auxiliary Password
        3. 4.3.3.3. Console Password
        4. 4.3.3.4. Telnet Password
        5. 4.3.3.5. Setting Up Secure Shell (SSH)
      4. 4.3.4. Encrypting Your Passwords
      5. 4.3.5. Descriptions
        1. 4.3.5.1. Doing the do Command
    4. 4.4. Router Interfaces
      1. 4.4.1. Bringing Up an Interface
        1. 4.4.1.1. Configuring an IP Address on an Interface
        2. 4.4.1.2. Using the Pipe
        3. 4.4.1.3. Serial Interface Commands
    5. 4.5. Viewing, Saving, and Erasing Configurations
      1. 4.5.1. Deleting the Configuration and Reloading the Router
      2. 4.5.2. Verifying Your Configuration
        1. 4.5.2.1. Verifying with the show interface Command
        2. 4.5.2.2. Verifying with the show ip interface Command
        3. 4.5.2.3. Using the show ip interface brief Command
        4. 4.5.2.4. Verifying with the show protocols Command
        5. 4.5.2.5. Using the show controllers Command
    6. 4.6. Cisco's Security Device Manager (SDM)
    7. 4.7. Summary
    8. 4.8. Exam Essentials
    9. 4.9. Written Lab 4
    10. 4.10. Hands-on Labs
      1. 4.10.1. Hands-on Lab 4.1: Logging into a Router
      2. 4.10.2. Hands-on Lab 4.2: Using the Help and Editing Features
      3. 4.10.3. Hands-on Lab 4.3: Saving a Router Configuration
      4. 4.10.4. Hands-on Lab 4.4: Setting Your Passwords
      5. 4.10.5. Hands-on Lab 4.5: Setting the Hostname, Descriptions, IP Address, and Clock Rate
      6. 4.10.6. Hands-on Lab 4.6: Installing SDM on Your Computer
    11. 4.11. Review Questions
    12. 4.12. Answers to Review Questions
    13. 4.13. Answers to Written Lab 4
  11. 5. Managing a Cisco Internetwork
    1. 5.1. The Internal Components of a Cisco Router
    2. 5.2. The Router Boot Sequence
    3. 5.3. Managing Configuration Register
      1. 5.3.1. Understanding the Configuration Register Bits
      2. 5.3.2. Checking the Current Configuration Register Value
      3. 5.3.3. Changing the Configuration Register
      4. 5.3.4. Recovering Passwords
        1. 5.3.4.1. Interrupting the Router Boot Sequence
        2. 5.3.4.2. Changing the Configuration Register
          1. 5.3.4.2.1. Cisco ISR/2600 Series Commands
          2. 5.3.4.2.2. Cisco 2500 Series Commands
        3. 5.3.4.3. Reloading the Router and Entering Privileged Mode
        4. 5.3.4.4. Viewing and Changing the Configuration
        5. 5.3.4.5. Resetting the Configuration Register and Reloading the Router
      5. 5.3.5. Boot System Commands
    4. 5.4. Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco IOS
      1. 5.4.1. Verifying Flash Memory
      2. 5.4.2. Backing Up the Cisco IOS
      3. 5.4.3. Restoring or Upgrading the Cisco Router IOS
      4. 5.4.4. Using the Cisco IOS File System (Cisco IFS)
        1. 5.4.4.1. Using the Cisco IFS to Upgrade an IOS
      5. 5.4.5. Using the SDM to Manage the Flash Memory
    5. 5.5. Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco Configuration
      1. 5.5.1. Backing Up the Cisco Router Configuration
        1. 5.5.1.1. Verifying the Current Configuration
        2. 5.5.1.2. Verifying the Stored Configuration
        3. 5.5.1.3. Copying the Current Configuration to NVRAM
        4. 5.5.1.4. Copying the Configuration to a TFTP Server
      2. 5.5.2. Restoring the Cisco Router Configuration
      3. 5.5.3. Erasing the Configuration
      4. 5.5.4. Using the Cisco IOS File System to Manage Your Router's Configuration (Cisco IFS)
      5. 5.5.5. Using the SDM to Back Up/Restore and Edit the Router's Configuration
    6. 5.6. Using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
      1. 5.6.1. Getting CDP Timers and Holdtime Information
      2. 5.6.2. Gathering Neighbor Information
      3. 5.6.3. Gathering Interface Traffic Information
      4. 5.6.4. Gathering Port and Interface Information
      5. 5.6.5. Documenting a Network Topology Using CDP
    7. 5.7. Using Telnet
      1. 5.7.1. Telnetting into Multiple Devices Simultaneously
      2. 5.7.2. Checking Telnet Connections
      3. 5.7.3. Checking Telnet Users
      4. 5.7.4. Closing Telnet Sessions
      5. 5.7.5. Using SDM to Telnet into Your Router
    8. 5.8. Resolving Hostnames
      1. 5.8.1. Building a Host Table
      2. 5.8.2. Using DNS to Resolve Names
    9. 5.9. Checking Network Connectivity and Troubleshooting
      1. 5.9.1. Using the ping Command
        1. 5.9.1.1. Pinging with SDM
      2. 5.9.2. Using the traceroute Command
      3. 5.9.3. Debugging
      4. 5.9.4. Using the show processes Command
    10. 5.10. Summary
    11. 5.11. Exam Essentials
    12. 5.12. Written Lab 5
    13. 5.13. Hands-on Labs
      1. 5.13.1. Hands-on Lab 5.1: Backing Up Your Router IOS
      2. 5.13.2. Hands-on Lab 5.2: Upgrading or Restoring Your Router IOS
      3. 5.13.3. Hands-on Lab 5.3: Backing Up the Router Configuration
      4. 5.13.4. Hands-on Lab 5.4: Using the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
      5. 5.13.5. Hands-on Lab 5.5: Using Telnet
      6. 5.13.6. Hands-on Lab 5.6: Resolving Hostnames
    14. 5.14. Review Questions
    15. 5.15. Answers to Review Questions
    16. 5.16. Answers to Written Lab 5
  12. 6. IP Routing
    1. 6.1. Routing Basics
    2. 6.2. The IP Routing Process
      1. 6.2.1. Testing Your IP Routing Understanding
      2. 6.2.2. Configuring IP Routing
        1. 6.2.2.1. Corp Configuration
        2. 6.2.2.2. R1 Configuration
        3. 6.2.2.3. R2 Configuration
        4. 6.2.2.4. R3 Configuration
        5. 6.2.2.5. 871W Configuration
        6. 6.2.2.6. 1242AP Configuration
    3. 6.3. Configuring IP Routing in Our Network
      1. 6.3.1. Static Routing
        1. 6.3.1.1. Corp
        2. 6.3.1.2. R1
        3. 6.3.1.3. R2
        4. 6.3.1.4. R3
        5. 6.3.1.5. 871W
        6. 6.3.1.6. Verifying Your Configuration
      2. 6.3.2. Default Routing
    4. 6.4. Dynamic Routing
      1. 6.4.1. Routing Protocol Basics
        1. 6.4.1.1. Administrative Distances
        2. 6.4.1.2. Routing Protocols
    5. 6.5. Distance-Vector Routing Protocols
      1. 6.5.1. Routing Loops
        1. 6.5.1.1. Maximum Hop Count
        2. 6.5.1.2. Split Horizon
        3. 6.5.1.3. Route Poisoning
        4. 6.5.1.4. Holddowns
    6. 6.6. Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
      1. 6.6.1. RIP Timers
      2. 6.6.2. Configuring RIP Routing
        1. 6.6.2.1. Corp
        2. 6.6.2.2. R1
        3. 6.6.2.3. R2
        4. 6.6.2.4. R3
        5. 6.6.2.5. 871W
      3. 6.6.3. Verifying the RIP Routing Tables
      4. 6.6.4. Configuring RIP Routing Example 2
      5. 6.6.5. Holding Down RIP Propagations
      6. 6.6.6. RIP Version 2 (RIPv2)
    7. 6.7. Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
    8. 6.8. Verifying Your Configurations
      1. 6.8.1. The show ip protocols Command
        1. 6.8.1.1. Troubleshooting with the show ip protocols Command
      2. 6.8.2. The debug ip rip Command
        1. 6.8.2.1. Troubleshooting with the debug ip rip Command
      3. 6.8.3. Enabling RIPv2 on Our Internetwork
    9. 6.9. Summary
    10. 6.10. Exam Essentials
    11. 6.11. Written Lab 6
    12. 6.12. Hands-on Labs
      1. 6.12.1. Hands-on Lab 6.1: Creating Static Routes
      2. 6.12.2. Hands-on Lab 6.2: Configuring RIP Routing
    13. 6.13. Review Questions
    14. 6.14. Answers to Review Questions
    15. 6.15. Answers to Written Lab 6
  13. 7. Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
    1. 7.1. EIGRP Features and Operation
      1. 7.1.1. Protocol-Dependent Modules
      2. 7.1.2. Neighbor Discovery
      3. 7.1.3. Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP)
      4. 7.1.4. Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
    2. 7.2. Using EIGRP to Support Large Networks
      1. 7.2.1. Multiple ASes
      2. 7.2.2. VLSM Support and Summarization
      3. 7.2.3. Route Discovery and Maintenance
        1. 7.2.3.1. EIGRP Metrics
        2. 7.2.3.2. Maximum Paths and Hop Count
    3. 7.3. Configuring EIGRP
      1. 7.3.1. Corp
      2. 7.3.2. R1
      3. 7.3.3. R2
      4. 7.3.4. R3
      5. 7.3.5. Redistributing to the 871W Router from R3
      6. 7.3.6. Configuring Discontiguous Networks
    4. 7.4. Load Balancing with EIGRP
    5. 7.5. Verifying EIGRP
    6. 7.6. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Basics
      1. 7.6.1. OSPF Terminology
      2. 7.6.2. SPF Tree Calculation
    7. 7.7. Configuring OSPF
      1. 7.7.1. Enabling OSPF
      2. 7.7.2. Configuring OSPF Areas
        1. 7.7.2.1. Wildcard Example
      3. 7.7.3. Configuring Our Network with OSPF
        1. 7.7.3.1. Corp
        2. 7.7.3.2. R1
        3. 7.7.3.3. R2
        4. 7.7.3.4. R3
        5. 7.7.3.5. 871W
    8. 7.8. Verifying OSPF Configuration
      1. 7.8.1. The show ip ospf Command
      2. 7.8.2. The show ip ospf database Command
      3. 7.8.3. The show ip ospf interface Command
      4. 7.8.4. The show ip ospf neighbor Command
      5. 7.8.5. The show ip protocols Command
      6. 7.8.6. Debugging OSPF
    9. 7.9. OSPF DR and BDR Elections
      1. 7.9.1. Neighbors
      2. 7.9.2. Adjacencies
      3. 7.9.3. DR and BDR Elections
    10. 7.10. OSPF and Loopback Interfaces
      1. 7.10.1. Configuring Loopback Interfaces
      2. 7.10.2. OSPF Interface Priorities
    11. 7.11. Troubleshooting OSPF
    12. 7.12. Configuring EIGRP and OSPF Summary Routes
    13. 7.13. Summary
    14. 7.14. Exam Essentials
    15. 7.15. Written Lab 7
    16. 7.16. Hands-on Labs
      1. 7.16.1. Hands-on Lab 7.1: Configuring and Verifying EIGRP
      2. 7.16.2. Hands-on Lab 7.2: Enabling the OSPF Process
      3. 7.16.3. Hands-on Lab 7.3: Configuring OSPF Neighbors
      4. 7.16.4. Hands-on Lab 7.4: Verifying OSPF Operation
      5. 7.16.5. Hands-on Lab 7.5: OSPF DR and BDR Elections
    17. 7.17. Review Questions
    18. 7.18. Answers to Review Questions
    19. 7.19. Answers to Written Lab 7
  14. 8. Layer 2 Switching and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
    1. 8.1. Before Layer 2 Switching
    2. 8.2. Switching Services
      1. 8.2.1. Limitations of Layer 2 Switching
      2. 8.2.2. Bridging vs. LAN Switching
      3. 8.2.3. Three Switch Functions at Layer 2
        1. 8.2.3.1. Address Learning
        2. 8.2.3.2. Forward/Filter Decisions
          1. 8.2.3.2.1. Port Security
        3. 8.2.3.3. Loop Avoidance
    3. 8.3. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
      1. 8.3.1. Spanning Tree Terms
      2. 8.3.2. Spanning Tree Operations
        1. 8.3.2.1. Selecting the Root Bridge
        2. 8.3.2.2. Spanning-Tree Port States
        3. 8.3.2.3. Convergence
        4. 8.3.2.4. Spanning Tree PortFast
        5. 8.3.2.5. Spanning Tree UplinkFast
        6. 8.3.2.6. Spanning Tree BackboneFast
        7. 8.3.2.7. Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) 802.1w
        8. 8.3.2.8. EtherChannel
    4. 8.4. Configuring Catalyst Switches
      1. 8.4.1. Catalyst Switch Configuration
        1. 8.4.1.1. S1
        2. 8.4.1.2. S2
        3. 8.4.1.3. Core
        4. 8.4.1.4. Port Security
        5. 8.4.1.5. PortFast
          1. 8.4.1.5.1. BPDUGuard
          2. 8.4.1.5.2. BPDUFilter
        6. 8.4.1.6. UplinkFast
        7. 8.4.1.7. BackboneFast
        8. 8.4.1.8. RSTP (802.1w)
        9. 8.4.1.9. EtherChannel
      2. 8.4.2. Verifying Cisco Catalyst Switches
        1. 8.4.2.1. show mac address-table
          1. 8.4.2.1.1. Assigning Static MAC Addresses
        2. 8.4.2.2. show spanning-tree
          1. 8.4.2.2.1. Determining Our Root Bridge
          2. 8.4.2.2.2. Setting Our Root Bridge
    5. 8.5. Cisco Network Assistant
    6. 8.6. Summary
    7. 8.7. Exam Essentials
    8. 8.8. Written Lab 8
    9. 8.9. Review Questions
    10. 8.10. Answers to Review Questions
    11. 8.11. Answers to Written Lab 8.1
  15. 9. Virtual LANs (VLANs)
    1. 9.1. VLAN Basics
      1. 9.1.1. Broadcast Control
      2. 9.1.2. Security
      3. 9.1.3. Flexibility and Scalability
    2. 9.2. VLAN Memberships
      1. 9.2.1. Static VLANs
      2. 9.2.2. Dynamic VLANs
    3. 9.3. Identifying VLANs
      1. 9.3.1. Frame Tagging
      2. 9.3.2. VLAN Identification Methods
        1. 9.3.2.1. Inter-Switch Link (ISL)
        2. 9.3.2.2. IEEE 802.1Q
    4. 9.4. VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)
      1. 9.4.1. VTP Modes of Operation
      2. 9.4.2. VTP Pruning
    5. 9.5. Routing between VLANs
    6. 9.6. Configuring VLANs
      1. 9.6.1. Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs
      2. 9.6.2. Configuring Trunk Ports
        1. 9.6.2.1. Trunking with the Cisco Catalyst 3560 switch
        2. 9.6.2.2. Defining the Allowed VLANs on a Trunk
        3. 9.6.2.3. Changing or Modifying the Trunk Native VLAN
      3. 9.6.3. Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing
    7. 9.7. Configuring VTP
      1. 9.7.1. Troubleshooting VTP
    8. 9.8. Telephony: Configuring Voice VLANs
      1. 9.8.1. Configuring the Voice VLAN
      2. 9.8.2. Configuring IP Phone Voice Traffic
    9. 9.9. Using the CNA to Configure VLANs and Inter-VLAN Routing
    10. 9.10. Summary
    11. 9.11. Exam Essentials
    12. 9.12. Written Lab 9
    13. 9.13. Review Questions
    14. 9.14. Answers to Review Questions
    15. 9.15. Answers to Written Lab 9.1
  16. 10. Security
    1. 10.1. Perimeter, Firewall, and Internal Routers
    2. 10.2. Recognizing Security Threats
    3. 10.3. Mitigating Security Threats
      1. 10.3.1. Cisco's IOS Firewall
        1. 10.3.1.1. Basic and Advanced Traffic Filtering
    4. 10.4. Introduction to Access Lists
      1. 10.4.1. Mitigating Security Issues with ACLs
    5. 10.5. Standard Access Lists
      1. 10.5.1. Wildcard Masking
      2. 10.5.2. Standard Access List Example
      3. 10.5.3. Controlling VTY (Telnet) Access
    6. 10.6. Extended Access Lists
      1. 10.6.1. Extended Access List Example 1
      2. 10.6.2. Extended Access List Example 2
    7. 10.7. Advanced Access Lists
      1. 10.7.1. Named ACLs
      2. 10.7.2. Switch Port ACLs
      3. 10.7.3. Lock and Key (Dynamic ACLs)
      4. 10.7.4. Reflexive ACLs
      5. 10.7.5. Time-Based ACLs
      6. 10.7.6. Remarks
      7. 10.7.7. Context-Based Access Control (Cisco IOS Firewall)
      8. 10.7.8. Authentication Proxy
    8. 10.8. Monitoring Access Lists
    9. 10.9. Configuring Access Lists Using SDM
      1. 10.9.1. Creating ACLs with SDM
      2. 10.9.2. Creating Firewalls with SDM
    10. 10.10. Summary
    11. 10.11. Exam Essentials
    12. 10.12. Written Lab 10.1
    13. 10.13. Hands-on Labs
      1. 10.13.1. Hands-on Lab 10.1: Standard IP Access Lists
      2. 10.13.2. Hands-on Lab 10.2: Extended IP Access Lists
    14. 10.14. Review Questions
    15. 10.15. Answers to Review Questions
    16. 10.16. Answers to Written Lab 10.1
  17. 11. Network Address Translation (NAT)
    1. 11.1. When Do We Use NAT?
    2. 11.2. Types of Network Address Translation
    3. 11.3. NAT Names
    4. 11.4. How NAT Works
      1. 11.4.1. Static NAT Configuration
      2. 11.4.2. Dynamic NAT Configuration
      3. 11.4.3. PAT (Overloading) Configuration
      4. 11.4.4. Simple Verification of NAT
    5. 11.5. Testing and Troubleshooting NAT
    6. 11.6. Configuring NAT on Our Internetwork
    7. 11.7. Configuring NAT Using SDM
    8. 11.8. Summary
    9. 11.9. Exam Essentials
    10. 11.10. Written Lab 11
    11. 11.11. Hands-on Labs
      1. 11.11.1. Lab 11.1: Preparing for NAT
      2. 11.11.2. Lab 11.2: Configuring Dynamic NAT
      3. 11.11.3. Lab 11.3: Configuring PAT
    12. 11.12. Review Questions
    13. 11.13. Answers to Review Questions
    14. 11.14. Answers to Written Lab 11
  18. 12. Cisco's Wireless Technologies
    1. 12.1. Introduction to Wireless Technology
      1. 12.1.1. The 802.11 Standards
        1. 12.1.1.1. 2.4GHz (802.11b)
        2. 12.1.1.2. 2.4GHz (802.11g)
        3. 12.1.1.3. 5GHz (802.11a)
          1. 12.1.1.3.1. 5GHz (802.11h)
      2. 12.1.2. Comparing 802.11
        1. 12.1.2.1. 2.4GHz/5GHz (802.11n)
    2. 12.2. Cisco's Unified Wireless Solution
      1. 12.2.1. Split-MAC Architecture
      2. 12.2.2. MESH and LWAPP
      3. 12.2.3. AWPP
      4. 12.2.4. Wireless Security
        1. 12.2.4.1. Open Access
        2. 12.2.4.2. SSIDs, WEP, and MAC Address Authentication
        3. 12.2.4.3. WPA or WPA 2 Pre-Shared Key
        4. 12.2.4.4. Cisco Unified Wireless Network Security
    3. 12.3. Configuring Our Wireless Internetwork
    4. 12.4. Summary
    5. 12.5. Exam Essentials
    6. 12.6. Written Lab 12
    7. 12.7. Review Questions
    8. 12.8. Answers to Review Questions
    9. 12.9. Answers to Written Lab 12
  19. 13. Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
    1. 13.1. Why Do We Need IPv6?
    2. 13.2. The Benefits and Uses of IPv6
    3. 13.3. IPv6 Addressing and Expressions
      1. 13.3.1. Shortened Expression
      2. 13.3.2. Address Types
      3. 13.3.3. Special Addresses
    4. 13.4. How IPv6 Works in an Internetwork
      1. 13.4.1. Autoconfiguration
      2. 13.4.2. Configuring Cisco Routers with IPv6
      3. 13.4.3. DHCPv6
      4. 13.4.4. ICMPv6
    5. 13.5. IPv6 Routing Protocols
      1. 13.5.1. RIPng
      2. 13.5.2. EIGRPv6
      3. 13.5.3. OSPFv3
    6. 13.6. Migrating to IPv6
      1. 13.6.1. Dual Stacking
      2. 13.6.2. 6to4 Tunneling
      3. 13.6.3. NAT-PT
    7. 13.7. Configuring IPv6 on Our Internetwork
      1. 13.7.1. Configuring RIPng
        1. 13.7.1.1. Verifying RIPng
      2. 13.7.2. Configuring OSPFv3
        1. 13.7.2.1. Verifying OSPFv3
    8. 13.8. Summary
    9. 13.9. Exam Essentials
    10. 13.10. Written Lab 13
    11. 13.11. Review Questions
    12. 13.12. Answers to Review Questions
    13. 13.13. Answers to Written Lab 13.1
  20. 14. Wide Area Networks
    1. 14.1. Introduction to Wide Area Networks
      1. 14.1.1. Defining WAN Terms
      2. 14.1.2. WAN Connection Types
      3. 14.1.3. WAN Support
    2. 14.2. Cable and DSL
      1. 14.2.1. Cable
      2. 14.2.2. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
        1. 14.2.2.1. ADSL
          1. 14.2.2.1.1. PPPoE
        2. 14.2.2.2. Cisco Long Range Ethernet (LRE)
    3. 14.3. Cabling the Serial Wide Area Network
      1. 14.3.1. Serial Transmission
      2. 14.3.2. Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment
    4. 14.4. High-Level Data-Link Control (HDLC) Protocol
    5. 14.5. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
      1. 14.5.1. Link Control Protocol (LCP) Configuration Options
      2. 14.5.2. PPP Session Establishment
      3. 14.5.3. PPP Authentication Methods
      4. 14.5.4. Configuring PPP on Cisco Routers
      5. 14.5.5. Configuring PPP Authentication
      6. 14.5.6. Verifying PPP Encapsulation
        1. 14.5.6.1. Debugging PPP Authentication
        2. 14.5.6.2. Mismatched WAN Encapsulations
        3. 14.5.6.3. Mismatched IP Addresses
      7. 14.5.7. PPPoE Configuration
    6. 14.6. Frame Relay
      1. 14.6.1. Introduction to Frame Relay Technology
        1. 14.6.1.1. Committed Information Rate (CIR)
        2. 14.6.1.2. Frame Relay Encapsulation Types
        3. 14.6.1.3. Virtual Circuits
        4. 14.6.1.4. Data Link Connection Identifiers (DLCIs)
        5. 14.6.1.5. Local Management Interface (LMI)
        6. 14.6.1.6. Frame Relay Congestion Control
          1. 14.6.1.6.1. Troubleshooting Using Frame Relay Congestion Control
      2. 14.6.2. Frame Relay Implementation and Monitoring
        1. 14.6.2.1. Single Interface
        2. 14.6.2.2. Subinterfaces
        3. 14.6.2.3. Monitoring Frame Relay
          1. 14.6.2.3.1. The show frame-relay lmi Command
          2. 14.6.2.3.2. The show frame pvc Command
          3. 14.6.2.3.3. The show interface Command
          4. 14.6.2.3.4. The show frame map Command
          5. 14.6.2.3.5. The debug frame lmi Command
        4. 14.6.2.4. Troubleshooting Frame Relay Networks
    7. 14.7. Using SDM for WAN Connections
      1. 14.7.1. Configuring PPP with Authentication Using SDM
      2. 14.7.2. Configuring PPPoE with SDM
      3. 14.7.3. Configuring Frame Relay with SDM
    8. 14.8. Virtual Private Networks
      1. 14.8.1. Introduction to Cisco IOS IPSec
      2. 14.8.2. IPSec Transforms
        1. 14.8.2.1. Security Protocols
          1. 14.8.2.1.1. Authentication Header (AH)
          2. 14.8.2.1.2. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
      3. 14.8.3. Configuring VPNs/IPSec Using the SDM
        1. 14.8.3.1. Configuring Quality of Service (QoS) across Our VPN Tunnel
    9. 14.9. Summary
    10. 14.10. Exam Essentials
    11. 14.11. Written Lab 14
    12. 14.12. Hands-on Labs
      1. 14.12.1. Hands-on Lab 14.1: Configuring PPP Encapsulation and Authentication
      2. 14.12.2. Hands-on Lab 14.2: Configuring and Monitoring HDLC
      3. 14.12.3. Hands-on Lab 14.3: Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
    13. 14.13. Review Questions
    14. 14.14. Answers to Review Questions
    15. 14.15. Answers to Written Lab 14.1
  21. Glossary

Product information

  • Title: CCNA®: Cisco® Certified Network Associate: Study Guide, Sixth Edition
  • Author(s): Todd Lammle
  • Release date: September 2007
  • Publisher(s): Sybex
  • ISBN: 9780470110089